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Evaluation of Avocado (persea Americana L.) Germplasm

M. Zillur Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur

M. A. Ullah
Principal Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

2013-14 to evaluate the two avocado germplasm (PA Joy- 001 and PA Joy- 002). Vegetative, flowering, harvesting time yield and fruit characteristics of avocado germplasm exebated a wide variation. Between the two germplasm, PA-Joy 001 exhibited higher plant height (15.5 m) compared to PA Joy-002 (14.0 m). Base girth varied from 1.25 to 1.30 m. The germplasm PA Joy-001 produced maximum number of primary branches (04). Canopy spread both in north-south and east-west direction was manifested higher (7.4 and 5.8 respectively) in PA Joy-001 as compared to those of PA Joy-002 (5.6 x 4.3 m, respectively). Both the germplasm produced flower and the flowering time ranged from 1^st week of February (PA Joy-001) to 3^rd week of February (PA Joy-002). Only the germplasm PA Joy-002 gave fruits. The number of fruits/plant was recorded 110 having average individual fruit weight of 450 g. Fruit was green in colour with pyriform shape and yellowish flesh colour having wavy and rough outer surface. The seed weight was 103.0 g and the fruit yield per plant was 50 kg. The TSS and edible portion were noted 7.0% and 80% respectively.

Keywords: Avocado, Persea americana, Yield, Fruit quality

Location: Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-02-2013

End Date: 31-08-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Avocado

Objectives:

To study the performance of promising avocado genotypes under hilly region

Evaluate, characterized and documented the collected avocado germplasm for future utilization

To select a superior avocado line having higher yield and good quality for release as a variety.

Methodology:

The study was carried out at the HRC, BARI, Gazipur during the fruiting season of 2013-2014. Two avocado germplasm namely PA Joy- 001 and PA Joy- 002 were included in this study. The germplasm were planted in 1996. The plants were fertilized with cowdung (20 kg), urea (250 g), TSP (250 g) and MoP (150 g) in two equal installments one on mid January and another one on mid August. In addition both the germplasm was fertilized with 200 g urea, 250 g TSP 200 g MoP and 100 g Boric acid in mid April for nourishment and proper development of the fruit. Intercultural operations such as weeding and thinning of unwanted branches were performed on September 2013. Both the germplasm were irrigated once a week in the dry season. Bordeaux paste was given after cutting of water suckers and undesired branches. Data on plant height (m), base girth (cm), plant spreading on N-S and E-W direction (cm), growth condition of plants, branching density, time of blooming, time of harvesting, number of fruits/plant, fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), number of seed/fruit, seed weight (g), seed length (cm), seed breadth (cm), yield/plant (kg), TSS (%), edible portion (%), fruit shape, skin color, outer surface, flesh colour and organoleptic taste were recorded as per IPGRI descriptors. The date were analyzed by Microsoft excel programme for interpretation the results properly.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-14. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 21000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 21000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The growth and flowering of both the germplasm was satisfactory but one germplasm PA Joy-002 produced Fruits. The fruits per plant, fruit size, fruit weight, TSS, fruit colour and yield of the accession PA Joy-002 was found out standing and might be proposed as a variety for its good potentiality.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings