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Development Stages and Grain Yield Components of Wheat

M.S.U. Bhuiya
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

A.M.A. Kamal
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during November 1991 to March 1992 with five varieties - Agrani, Akbar, Barkat, Kanchan, Pavan, and two advanced lines- Ad. L. 66.1 and Ad. L. 78 of wheat. Six growth phases, namely, germination and emergence, tillering, stem elongation, heading, flowering, grain formation and ripening and twelve growth stages, germination and emergence, seedling, crown root, tillering, jointing, shooting, booting, heading, flowering, milk, dough, ripe were identified from germination to maturity with their characteristics, time of occurrence and duration in the studied varieties/lines. Grain yield is the product of four components, namely, number of ears per plant, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per spikelet and individual grain weight. Timing and duration of grain yield components were monitored in each of these varieties/lines. This information should help timely application of inputs for better growing of wheat in Bangladesh. Among the. tested varieties/lines, Ad.L. 78, Akbar and Agrani were superior for grain yield.

Keywords: Wheat, Phase, Stage, Yield components.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-1991

End Date: 00-03-1992

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To know various growth phases and stages with their characteristics, time of occurrence and duration, and also the timing of development of various grain yield components in a number of Bangladesh wheat varieties/lines.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during November 1991 to March 1992. Five varieties - Agrani, Akbar, Barkat, Kanchan, Pavan, and two advanced lines- Ad. L. 66.1 and Ad.L. 78 of wheat were studied. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4m x 2.5m. The experimental land was first opened by a tractor plough and then prepared by country plough and ladder. Before last ploughing, urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate at the rates of 85, 130, 50, 60 and 4 kg per hectare, respectively, were applied. An additional 85 kg urea was top dressed in two equal splits at crown root and booting stages. Seeds were drilled in rows 25 cm apart on 21 November 1991 at t•he rate of 120 kg per hectare. The crop was harvested at maturity in March 1992. During crop growth, two plants from each plot were collected every day and only the main stem was studied to. identify various growth phases and stages and their durations. The plants were observed for their external morphology and growing points. The shoot apices of the main stems were dissected and the internal morphology was studied under the microscope. Ten randomly selected plants from each plot were collected to study the yield and yield contributing characters of the studied varieties/lines. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance technique and the mean differences were tested by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 21(2): 335-341, July. 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that grain yield significantly varied among the varieties. Highest qrain yield was produced by Ad. L. 78, identically followed by Akbar and Aqrani. This was mostly due to superior performance of one or more of the yield components like number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spikelet and individual grain weight in these varieties/lines.

Knowledge Management: Journal