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Growth, Sex and Phenology of Exotic Date Palm (phoenix Dactylifera L.) in Hilly Areas

A. S. M. Harunor Rashid
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station of Raikhali in Rangamati

S. P. Chakma
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station of Raikhali in Rangamati

M. Islam
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station of Raikhali in Rangamati

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Growth and phenology of 21 exotic date palm genotypes were studied at ARS, Raikhali, Rangamati during 2013-14. A wide range of variation was observed among the germplasm. The tallest plant (390 cm) was observed in PD Rai-010 and PD Rai-004 (370 cm). Maximum base girth of plant (138 cm) was recorded in PD Rai-018 while minimum (100 cm) in PD Rai-009. The highest plant spreading in N-S direction (400 cm) was found in PD Rai-014 and in E-W direction (395 cm) in PD Rai-010, while the lowest N-S and E-W spreading (250 and 280 cm, respectively) were found in PD Rai-017. The number of leaves/tree varied from 15 (PD Rai-001) to 35 (PD Rai-021). Among the germplasm PD Rai-002, PD Rai-004, PD Rai-007 and PD Rai-018 were female and started flowering from February, while PD Rai-001, PD Rai-010, PD Rai-016 and PD Rai-017 were male and flowering was started from January, and rest the germplasm were unidentified. Among the female plant PD Rai-002 produced fruits consecutively in last two years, while PD Rai-018 produced fruits in this year. Fruits of PD Rai-002 and PD Rai-018 were harvested in the months of June and July, respectively.

Keywords: Exotic date palm, Phoenix dactylifera, Physico morphological characteristics

Location: Agricultural Research Station of Raikhali in Rangamati

Start Date: 01-02-2013

End Date: 31-08-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Date palm

Objectives:

To study the growth and phenology of exotic date palm germplasm in hill tract

Evaluate the collected exotic date palm germplasm on the basis of growth and phenology

To select a suitable exotic date palm for cultivation in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the established five years old exotic date palm garden of Agricultural Research Station of Raikhali in Rangamati Hill District during 2013-14 for the evaluation of exotic date palm genotypes in hilly area. Seedlings of 21 exotic date palm genotypes viz., PD Rai-001, PD Rai-002, PD Rai-004, PD Rai-005, PD Rai-006, PD Rai-007, PD Rai-008, PD Rai-009, PD Rai-010, PD Rai-011, PD Rai-012, PD Rai-012, PD Rai-013, PD Rai-014, PD Rai-015, PD Rai-016, PD Rai-017, PD Rai-018, PD Rai-019, PD Rai-020 and PD Rai-021 were transplanted in August 2009. The soil was fertilized with well decomposed cowdung @ 20 kg/plant, 230 g N, 275 g P₂O₅ and 180 g K₂O per plant per year. NPK were applied in the form of urea, TSP and MoP, respectively in two equal installments in a year, the first during October and the second during May. Intercultural operations like irrigation, weeding, branch removing etc. were done as per requirement. Data on plant height (cm), base girth (cm), plant spreading on N-S and E-W direction (cm), growth condition of plants, noumber of leaves/plant, time of first flowering, time of harvesting, sex type of tree, were recorded. The date were analyzed by Microsoft excel programme for interpretation the results properly.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-14. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 18000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 18000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Growth, development, sex and phenology of the date palm germplasm were quiet good and it was the primary observation indicating that the climatic condition of Bangladesh is suitable for cultivation of Phoenix dactylifera. The plants were dioecious nature and seedlings derived from seeds maintained 50% male and 50 % female sex. The male plants started flowering from January while the female plants flowered during February which was ideal for success pollination.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings