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Crops and Cropping in Selected Haor Areas of Bangladesh

K. Roy
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute

M. A. M. Miah
Agri Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

B. Ahmed
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

M. A. Aziz
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute.

M. A. Hossain
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,

S. C. Saha
Research and Development Farm, Supreme Seed Company Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in three haor upazillas, namely Dirai, Khaliazuri and Itna under Sunamgonj, Netrokona and Kisorgonj districts of Bangladesh respectively in 2011 to assess socio economic status, land utilization pattern, delineate the productivity and profitability of growing major crops, find out the existing cropping patterns and assess the prospect of possible cropping patterns. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. Thirty seven percent of respondent involved in sole agriculture. And rest of them engaged in boating, fishing, duck rearing. About 40% of sample farmers received loan from NGO. Of the 0.58 million hectares of cultivated lands in selected three haor districts, 73% falls under haor areas. Though Bora rice is the major crop of haor areas, some field crops such as maize, wheat, groundnut, sweet potato, cucumber and some winter vegetables like, cauliflower, bitter gourd etc are also grown in Rabi season. About 80% respondents follow Bora rice -Fallow-Fallow cropping pattern. Rest of them follow some other cropping pattern such as groundnut/ sweet potato-Fallow-Fallow, Maize -Fallow- fallow and winter vegetables- Fallow- Fallow. The cost of Hybrid rice production in farmers field was found 66,536/- per hectare whereas 59,067/- for MV. The yield of hybrid Bora was double (10 ton/ha) than that of MV Bora (5 ton/he). BCR of hybrid rice was 2.75 whereas 1.62 for MV rice. Farmers reported that natural hazard specially flash flood, higher price of inputs, and transportation problem were the major hindrance to crop production. Considering the scope of annual income and infrastructural situation, poor standard of living of the farmers was found in haor areas. Short durationa Rabi crops (mustard) - Bora rice- Fallow- Fallow and intercropping with Maize-Fallow-Fallow may become potential pattern beside Boro rice- Fallow - Fallow-Fallow pattern. Selection of short duration and water lodging tolerant varieties along with improved management practices should be the potentials for further researchable issues.

Keywords: Survey, Crops and cropping pattern, Haor

Location: Dirai, Khaliazuri and Itna under Sunamgonj, Netrokona and Kisorgonj districts of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity:

Objectives:

To assess socio economic status, land utilization pattern, delineate the productivity and profitability of growing major crops, find out the existing cropping patterns and assess the prospect of possible cropping patterns.

Methodology:

A-multi-stages sampling technique was followed to select district upazila, village and households for this study. In first stage of sampling, three haor district namely Sunamgonj, Netrokona and Kishoregonj were purposively selected due to major portion of those is under haor than any other districts. Secondly, three upazilla taking one upazilla from each districts were also purposively selected. Then two villages under each upazilla were selected randomly for collecting primary data and information. Finally, from a comprehensive list of farm households in the village, a total of ninety households taking fifteen households from each village were selected randomly for data collection. Data were collected using pre tested interview schedule during Boro season of 2010- 11. Necessary secondary data were collected from different published reports. Descriptive statistics were mostly used in this study to analyze the collected data.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2012, 15 (1): 53-62 , ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the study revealed that in the three selected haor districts, about 80% of the total cropped areas are covered by Boro-Fallow-Fallow cropping pattern. Farmers in the haor areas apply lower amounts of fertilizers than the recommended rate, possibly because of better soil fertility. In the farmer's field the cost of production for MV and Hybrid rice is Tk. 59,067/- and Tk. 66,536/- per hectare, respectively. The return from Hybrid Boro is about 20% higher than that of MV Boro. Short duration rabi crops (mustard) - Boro rice- Fallow- Fallow and intercropping with Maize-Fallow-Fallow may become potential pattern beside Boro rice- Fallow - fallow pattern. Natural hazard, higher price of inputs, and transportation problem were the major constraints to crop production in the haor areas. .Development of physical infrastructure, cropping pattern, short duration crop varieties as well as adaptation trial of new technologies could be immensely useful for horizontal expansion of cropped area in the haor areas of Bangladesh which would eventually increase the level of food productivity in the country. Development of physical infrastructure, cropping pattern, short duration crop varieties as well as adaptation trial of new technologies could be immensely useful for horizontal expansion of cropped area in the haor areas of Bangladesh which would eventually increase the level of food productivity in the country.

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