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Yield and Yield Components of Rice Genotypes as Affected by Planting Dates in Drought Prone Environment

B. Karmakar
Bangladesh Rice Research institute, Regional Station, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

S. M. Haefele
Intemational Rice Research institute, Los Banos, Philippines

M. A. Ali
Bangladesh Rice Research institute, Regional Station, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

T. H. Ansari
Bangladesh Rice Research institute, Regional Station, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

T. L. Aditya
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

AKM Saiful Islam
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station Rajshahi, during June to December 2009 to find out the optimum planting date of promising rice genotypes under rainfed conditions in Aman season. Strip plot design was followed with 3 replications. Seven planting dates (O5July, I5 July, 25 July, O5 August, 15 August, 25 August and O5 September) were used in the main plots and 3 rice genotypes (BRRI dhan49, BR7155-20-1-3 and IR74371-S4-1-1) were placed in the sub- plots. Significant effects on yield and yield components were recognized both for planting dates and rice genotypes while interaction was significant for grain yield, sterility and plant height. Irrespective of variety, the highest mean grain yield (5.20 t ha^-1 was obtained on the 25 July planting which was at par with the I5 July planting (5.08 t ha^-1). In contrast, the lowest mean yield (2.65 t ha^-1) was recorded in the last planting (05 September). Significant yield reduction was observed for rice planted on IS August, while substantial yield reduction happened thereafter. Among the genotypes, the highest mean yield (4.42 t ha^-1) was noted in BRRI dhan49 followed by IR74371-S4-1-1 (4.16 t ha^-1). However, the growth duration of lR74371-54-1-1 was 22 days lower than BRRI dhan49, which could support to escape drought at reproductive stage successfully. Lower grain yield was associated with delayed plantings due to high spikelet sterility caused by the drought stress at the reproductive phase. Panicles per unit area, 1000-grain weight, plant height and growth duration followed a similar trend as grain yields. The yield reduction was 49% in the O5 September planting compared to the 25 July planting. The results showed that planting from IS to 25 July was optimal for BRRI dhan49 and BR7155-20-1-3, whereas planting from 25 July to 05 August was best for IR74371-54-1-1. In this investigation, the genotype IR74371-S4-1-1 was found less sensitive to planting date and therefore, this genotype could be used for late planting under unpredictable rainfed environment.

Keywords: Planting date, Rice genotype, Yield, Sterility, Correlation matrix

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-06-2009

End Date: 00-12-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To find out the optimum planting date of promising rice genotypes under rainfed conditions in Aman season.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station Rajshahi, during June to December 2009 in Aman season under rainfed condition. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with 3 replications. Seven planting dates (05 July, 15 July, 25 July, 05 August, 15 August, 25 August and 05 September) were in the main plots and 3 rice genotypes namely BRRI dhan49, BR7155-20-1-3 and IR74371-54-1-1 were in the sub-plots. Twenty-three day old seedlings were transplanted for each planting date with 25 cm x 15 cm spacing. Planting was done 10 days interval starting from 05 July to 05 September as per treatment. Fertilizers such as N, P, K, S and Zn were applied @ 180, 75, 75, 60 and 7.5 kg ha^-1. Pre-emergence herbicide Super Clean 53% WP (combination of Mefenacet 49 % and Bensulfuron methyl 4%) was applied at 3 days after transplanting (DAn @ 750 g/ha in all the treatments. In addition, BRRI weeder was used to control weeds after 1st and 2nd top dressing of urea and hand weeding was done after 3rd top dress of urea. Proper plant protection measures were taken as and when necessary to protect the crop from insect and disease pest. Plant height was measured from 10 randomly selected plants per plot at harvest. Plant characters and yield attributes data were recorded from 12 diagonally selected hills in each plot. Rice was harvested from six square meter area from center of each plot for yield at maturity stage. After threshing grains were sun-dried and cleaned. Grain weight and moisture were also recorded. Finally, grain yield was adjusted at 14% moisture content. All the data in this experiment were analyzed by MSTAT-Computerized program.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2012, 15 (I): 71-79 , ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

BRRI dhan49 and BR7155-20-1-3 performed the best and produced the highest grain yield of 5.48 t ha^-1 and 5.30 t ha^-1, respectively on 15 July planting, while IR74371-54-1-1 was in 25 July planting (5.11 t ha^-1). Yield increased up to 25 July planting and declined sharply in latter planting started on 05 August onward. It could be concluded that 15 to 25 July would be optimum planting dates for BRRI dhan49 and BR7155-20-1-3, whereas planting from 25 July to 05 August was the best for IR74371-54-1-1 to get better performance.

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