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Floral Biology and Flowering Behavior of Dragon Fruit (hylocereus Spp.) Germpalsm at BARI, Gazipur

Ashraful Alam
Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. G. Saha
Cheif Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Floral biology and flowering behavior of eight dragon fruit germplasm were studied at the HRC, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2013-14. The Floral biology and blooming behavior of studied germplasm exhibited more or less same trend. Irrespective of germplasm flowering was started from early May and it was continued up to last week of July and all the germplasm flowered thrice in a season. Date of first floral bud opening in all the germplasm ranged from 03-04 May. Date of second and third floral bud opening varied from 09-14 June and 19-25 July, respectively. Days required for full bloom of a flower in 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd, phase of flowering were varied from 13-15, 12-16 and 14-16 days, respectively. As a result fruits were harvested in three installment in a season. The days required from flower bud appearance to harvest at first, second and third phase of flowering were 47 to 49, 49 to 51 and 52 to 55 days, respectively. Regardless of germplasm full blooming time were 9.00 pm to 5.30 am. The length of flower ranged from 29.3 to 30.50 cm. with 61 to 63 calyx, 21 to 22 white petals and numerous yellow anthers per flower.

Keywords: Dragon fruit, Hylocereus spp. Floral biology, Flowering behavior

Location: Fruit Research Farm of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-02-2013

End Date: 31-08-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Dragon fruit

Objectives:

To study the floral biology and flowering behavior of dragon fruit germplasm

To study the performance of dragon fruit germplasm in Bangladesh

Evaluate, characterized and documented the floral biology and flowering behavior of dragon fruit

To select a suitable dragon fruit germplasm for release as a variety.

Methodology:

Floral biology and flowering behavior was studied at Fruit Research Farm of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2013-14 with eight germplasm of dragon fruit viz. HC Joy 001, HC Joy 002, HU Joy 003, HC Joy 004, HC Joy 005, HC Joy 006, HC Joy 007 and HC Joy 008 which were collected (stem cutting) from different local and exotic sources. These germplasm were planted in the main field on 27 July 2010 by maintaining spacing plant to plant 2 m and row to row 2.5 m. Before planting the individual pit was fertilized by 15kg well decomposed cowndung, 300 g TSP and 250 g MoP. After one month of planting, 100 g of urea was applied and subsequently it was continued @ 200 g urea/plant at an interval of 3 months. The plants were supported individually by RCC pillar (7.5 ft height) which was placed adjacent to the plant maintaining the pillar height 6 feet above the ground level and 1.5 feet underground. A motorcycle tyre was placed at the top of each pillar which supports the vine for hanging. Data on phase of flowering, date of floral bud appearance, days required for full bloom, days to harvest from flowered bud appearance, time of full bloom, length of flower (cm), number of calyx/flower, number of petals/flower, number of anther/flower, colour of petal and colour of anther were recorded as per IPGRI descriptors. The date were analyzed through simple statistics for interpretation the results properly.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-14. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 35000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 35000/-

Achievement/Findings:

All the germplasm showed almost same behavior on flowering, it might be due to genetically controlled characters of the studied germplasm

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings