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Physico Morphological Characteristics of Dragon Fruit (hylocereus Spp.) Germpalsm at BARI, Gazipur

Ashraful Alam
Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. G. Saha
Cheif Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Physico morphological characteristics of eight dragon fruit germplasm were studied at HRC, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2013-14. Maximum fruits/plant (15) was obtained from HC Joy-001, while minimum (8) from HC Joy-002 and HU Joy-003. The heaviest fruit (378 g) was found in HC Joy-001 and the lightest (315.45 g) in HC Joy-007. Fruit size was maximum (9.25 x 8.90 cm) in HC Joy-001 and minimum (7.20 x 7.10 cm) in HC Joy-002. Maximum rind weight (63.0 g) was measured in HC Joy-008. The germplasm HC Joy-001 produced pink skinned fruit with deep pink fleshed under the species H costaricensis. Whilst HU Joy-003 gave pink skinned with white fleshed fruit and belongs to the species H undatus. The highest edible portion (86.47%) was measured in HU Joy-003 which was followed by HC Joy-001 (83.59%), while HC Joy-007 had the minimum edible portion (80.97%). The highest TSS was recorded in HC Joy-001, HC Joy-004 and HC Joy-008, while the lowest TSS (18%) in the germplasm having white fleshed fruit that was HU Joy-003. Maximum yield/plant (5.67 kg/season) was observed in HC Joy-001, whereas minimum (2.58 kg/season) in HC Joy-002. No insect pest infestation was found in the studied germplasm.

Keywords: Dragon fruit, Hylocereus spp. Physico morphological characteristics, Fruit yield

Location: Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-06-2013

End Date: 31-08-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Dragon fruit

Objectives:

To study the physico morphological characteristics of dragon fruit germplasm

To study the performance of dragon fruit germplasm in Bangladesh

Evaluate, characterized and documented the physico morphological characteristics of dragon fruit

To select a suitable dragon fruit germplasm for release as a variety.

Methodology:

Physico morphological characteristics of dragon fruit germplasm was studied at Fruit Research Farm of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2013-14 with eight germplasm viz. HC Joy 001, HC Joy 002, HU Joy 003, HC Joy 004, HC Joy 005, HC Joy 006, HC Joy 007 and HC Joy 008 which were collected (stem cutting) from different local and exotic sources. There are two types of fruit dragon fruit species one is red skinned with red flesh (H costaricensis) and another is red skinned with white flesh (H undatus) fruit. These germplasm were planted in the main field on 27 July 2010 by maintaining spacing plant to plant 2 m and row to row 2.5 m. Before planting the individual pit was fertilized by 15kg well decomposed cowndung, 300 g TSP and 250 g MoP. After one month of planting, 100 g of urea was applied and subsequently it was continued @ 200 g urea/plant at an interval of 3 months. The plants were supported individually by RCC pillar (7.5 ft height) which was placed adjacent to the plant maintaining the pillar height 6 feet above the ground level and 1.5 feet underground. A motorcycle tyre was placed at the top of each pillar which supports the vine for hanging. At peak ripeness, the fruit become pink-red, although the scales remain green and the fruits were harvested for recorded the data. Data on number of fruit/plant, single fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), rind weight (g), rind colour, flesh colour, seed colour, seed number, TSS (%), edible portion (%), fruit shape, appearance, organoleptic taste, yield/plant (kg) and insect-diseases infestation were recorded as per IPGRI descriptors. The date were analyzed through simple statistics for interpretation the results properly.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-14. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 35000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 35000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The germplasm HC Joy-001 exhibited better performance compared to other germplasm and this germplasm has been released as a variety named BARI Dragon fruit-1 during 2014. The germplasm HU Joy-003 produced different of type fruit (white fleshed). The study also revealed that the agro-climatic condition of Bangladesh is suitable for dragon fruit cultivation.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings