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Effect of Intercropping Maize with Groundnut at Varying Levels of Plant Population and Nitrogen Levels

M.A. Quayyum
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research lnstitute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.E. Akanda
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research lnstitute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Tajul Islam
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research lnstitute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Gazipur during April to July, 1982 to compare the effect of intercropping at varying levels of plant population and two levels of nitrogen. Monoculture plantings of maize (Var. Sadaf) consisted of 4.4 x 10⁴ plants/ha and ground- nut (Var. DA-I) 33.3 x 104 plants/ha were compared with intercropping at variable population of maize (4.4 x 10⁴, 3.3 x 10⁴, 2.2 x 10⁴, and l.l x 10⁴ plants/ha) and groundnut (333 x 10⁴, 24.9 x 10⁴, 16.6 X 10⁴ and 8.3 x 10⁴ plants/ha and with two levels of a nitrogen ( 30 and 120 kg /ha). The highest total yield (3690 kg/ha ) and net return (Tk. 8160/ha) was obtained from plant population level 4.4 x 10⁴ maize and 16.6 x 10⁴ groundnut plants/ha with 120 kg N/ha. The same combination also gave the highest LER (1.59), total energy (1242 x 10⁴ cal/ha) and protein yield (362 kg/ha).

Keywords: Maize, Groundnut, Nitrogen levels

Location: Central Research Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-04-1982

End Date: 00-07-1982

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fertilizer, Ground nut, Maize

Objectives:

To the present experiment consisting of maize-groundnut inter crop with different plant population and nitrogen levels were undertaken to evaluate their effects.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Central Research Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during April to July. 1982. The soil of the experimental site was silty clay having pH value 6.4. Seven treatments, of which five were intercropped treatments (maize + groundnut) and one each of sole maize and. sole groundnut crops were tested. The experiment was based on three replication randomized block design with seven of plant population and two levels of nitrogen ( N₃₀ and N₁₂₀ ). Each unit plot size was 5 x 3.6m. Sole crop of maize was planted at 90 cm row distances of 25 cm. The sole of groundnut was planted at 30 cm row distances and each plot had 12 rows of groundnut with plant spacing at 10 cm. The intercropped treatments had two rows of ground nut between 2 rows of maize. Thus each intercropped plot had 4 rows of maize and 6 rows of ground nut, the row distances being uniformly at 30 and 90 cm for groundnut and maize but plant spacing varied. The maize variety' Sadaf' and . DA-I' for groundnut were used. Phosphorus and potassium were applied at the rate of 60 and 40 kg/ha in the form of P₂O₅ and K₂O respectively at the time of final land preparation while nitrogen was applied as basal dose at the rate of.30 kg/ha in the form of Urea. The balance amount of nitrogen ie 60 kg/ha were applied in two equal splits as band placement in all the treatments except groundnut as sole crop. Monoculture and intercrop were harvested from an area of 4 x 1.8m leaving the border plants in all directions. To find the advantage of yield in intercropping, Besides, economic analysis with respect to net return, protein and energy were done to ascertain the efficacy of intercropping.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture. Vol: 10 (No-3), pp: 1-6, Jul-Sep 1985

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The combination of maize and groundnut at plant population levels 4.4 x 10⁴ maize + 16.6 x 10⁴ ground nut plants/ha fertilized with nitrogen 120 kg/ha was found most desirable in terms of yield, net return, protein and calorie per hectare. Hence, the farmers should be mobilized or motivated to grow intercrop instead of monocrop for more economic return and better utilization of land and inputs.

Knowledge Management: Journal