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Impact of Different Cropping Patterns and Tillage Practices on Soil Properties

M.A.H. Chowdhury
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

A. Hossain
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

A.K.M.M. Hossain
Department of Soil Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Agricultural College, Dinajpur

M.M. Rahman
Department of Soil Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Agricultural College, Dinajpur

M.A. Matin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soils of the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Aqro-ecolcqical zone of Bangladesh under three different cropping patterns and two tillage practices were analyzed to evaluate the physical and chemical properties. The soils were silty clay loam to sandy loam In texture. In the surface soil. the particle density values varied from 2.40 to 2.56 g/cc. In the lower depth (20-30 and 30-40 cm). the values varied from 2.45 to 2.50 g/cc. The bulk density values ranged from 1.38 to 1.48 and 1.40 to 1.46 g/cc In the surf ace soil and lower depth of soils, respectively. The total porosity values of the sons were 40.41 to 44.27%. The infiltration rates ranged from 0.13 to 0.17 cm/hr. Most of the soils were slightly acidic in reactions. The organic matter content varied from 0.64 to 1.77%, total nitrogen from 0.04 to 0.10%. available phosphorus from 7 to 20 ppm, available sulphur from 4 to 20 ppm, available potassium from 0.10 to 0.27 m.e./100 g and CEC from 3.4 to 9.3 m.e.11 00 g of soil.

Keywords: Agro-ecological Zone (AEZ), Cropping patterns, Physical and chemical properties.

Location: BAU farm and Boyra village in the district of Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land development productivity

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken in order to have a better understanding on physical and chemical properties of the soils of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain AEZ situated at BAU campus and Boyra village in the Mymensingh district.

Methodology:

Soil samples were collected from four depths i.e. 0-10, 10-20,20-30 and 30-40 cm from BAU farm and Boyra village in the district of Mymensingh. Tractor and traditional tillage operations were done in the soils of BAU farm and Boyra village, respectively. Three cropping patterns namely rice-rice, rice-jute and rice-lentil were taken under consideration from each tillage operation. The collected samples were air dried, ground and sieved through 10 mesh sieve and were used for the physical and chemical analyses. Mechanical analysis was carried out by hydrometer method. The bulk density was determined by core sampler method. The particle density was determined by volumetric flask method as described by Paqe (1982). Total porosity was calculated from the formula given by Vomocil (1955). The rate of soil water infiltration was determined with the help of double ring infiltrometer. Soil pH was measured in 1 :2.5, Soil: water suspension. Organic carbon was determined by following the Wet oxidation method and organic matter was calculated multiplying the organic carbon by the Van Bemmelen factor 1.37 (Page, 1982). Total nitrogen was estimated by semi micro- Kjeldahl method using conc H₂S0₄ and catalyst mixture digestion and 40% sodium hydroxide for distillation. Available phosphorus was estimated using 0.5 M sodium bicarbonate extractant (Olsen et al .. 1954). Available potassium and available sulphur was determined by ammonium acetate extract as described by Page (1982). The CEC estimation was carried out by sodium saturation method as described by Page (1982).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 21 (2): 393-400, July, 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In general, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils decreased gradually with increasing depths. In the soils tractor tillage operation it ranged between 3.4 and 5.8 m.e./100g in rice-rice, 5.3 and 6.8 m.e./100g in rice-jute and 7.3 and 8.0 m.e./100g in rice-lentil cropping patterns which dropped to 41 %,22% and 9% from 0-10 to 30-40 cm depth, respectively. in the soils of traditional tillage operation., it varied between 8.0 and 8.9 m.e./100g in rice-rice, 6.1 and 9.3 m.e./100g in rice-jute and 4.3 and 7.1 m.e/100g in rice-lentil cropping pattern which decreased to 10%, 34% and 39% from 0-10 to 30-40 cm depth, respectively.

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