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Physiological Analysis of Growth and Yield of Garlic in Response to Planting Dates

N. U. Ahmed
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Quadir
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Z. K. M. Shamsad
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Garlic cultivars responded significantly to planting time. Rajshahi cultivar (V₂) produced taller plants having more number of longer leaves with vigorous plant growth producing smooth-surfaced compact larger bulbs with higher number of cloves as compared to Faridpuri cultivar (V ₁). Planting of garlic in November (both early, P₁and late, P₂) exhibited better vegetative growth and higher bulb yield compared to delayed planting in December (P₃ and P₄) in both the cultivars. Although V₂ appeared to be late maturing as compared to V1 by 15 days it produced 35.5% higher yield than V₁. Variations in respect of different analyses of growth parameters, such as crop growth rate (CGR), dry matter accumulation i.e. leaf dry weight (LDW), leaf sheath dry weight (LSDW), bulb dry weight (BDW) and harvest index (HI) were observed between the cultivars planted at different dates. Higher growth indices and dry matter accumulation leading to higher bulb size and yield were found in V₂ as compared to V₁ in earlier planted crop CP₁and P₂).

Keywords: Garlic, Growth, Yield, Planting date, Dry matter

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-1993

End Date: 00-00-1994

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Garlic

Objectives:

To analyze the growth and yield of two different cultivars of garlic in response to planting dates.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture (IPSA), Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh during the winter season of 1993-94. The soil of the field was clay loam. Two local cultivars of garlic viz., Faridpuri (V₁) and Rajshahi (V₂) were used in this experiment. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four replications. The main plot (12.6 m x 6.4 m) treatment comprised of garlic cultivars and the sub-plot (6.3 m x 1.6 m) treatment consists of four dates of planting viz., 01 November P₁), 21 November (P₂), 11 December (P3) and 31 December (P₄). The healthy cloves of garlic cultivars planted at a distance between rows and hills was 20 em x 9 em. The crop received cowdung @ 5 t/ha and 100-60-100-20 kg of NPKS/ha. The entire amount of cowdung, P, K, Sand half of N was thoroughly mixed with the soil before planting. The rest of the N was topdressed at the time of second mulching, 30 days after planting (DAP). During growing period of the crop, weeding, irrigation, slight earthing up were done as and when required. The data on physio-morphological growth parameters were recorded at different growth stages of garlic cultivars of different planting dates at an interval of 15 days starting from 30 days after planting till crop maturity. Each unit plot area was 10.08 m²and out of this, harvested area was 3.09 m² . Destructive sampling for growth analysis was done by uprooting ten plants linearly from an area of 0.18 m² each time and plants were then cleaned in running tap water and blotted dry. The plants were separated into leaf, leafsheath (Pseudostem) and bulb. Then the components were oven-dried at 70°C for 72 hours and dry weights of individual components were weighed in a digital electrical balance. Bulb diameter was measured by digital calipers. Crop growth rate (CGR) was calculated applying the formulae described by Redford.Ol Harvest index was determined by the formula of Donald and Hamblin. Data on the yield and yield contributing characters were recorded from the finally harvested areas (3.09 m ²) for each replicate.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Bioi. Sci. 9( 2): 183-186, 2000 (July), ISSN 1021-2484

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of growth analysis exhibited significant variations among the cultivars irrespective of planting dates. It was found that v₂ always produced higher growth indices (CGR and HI) and higher dry matter accumulation of different plant components (LDW, LSDW and BDW) over V₁ when planted at earlier dates (P₁ and P₂) for higher productivity of the crop.

Knowledge Management: Journal