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Food Legume Breeding: Improving Yield, Quality and Usefulness of Lentils and Lablab Beans

M. A. NEWAZ
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding.BAU, Mymensingh

NILOFAR NEWAZ
Department of Biochemistry, BAU, Mymensingh

M. A. FAROOQUE
Research Fellow. CFLIP-Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The results of 1988/89 experimentation which included five experiments on lentil and three experiments on lablab bean (or country bean ) are reported, Under germplasm trials 650 lentil and 146 lablab bean lines of local and exotic origins were evaluated and characterized. In lentil, phrenological studies with six sowing dates during Nov. - Dec. affirmed a genetic variation of tolerance to late sowing effect. Genotype-weeding interaction studies suggested that lentil genotypes could linearly profit from weeding in terms of yield and G X W interaction was weakly expressed in one character, pods/plant, only. Selection trials with early, high yielding and bold seeded lentil genotypes showed bold seeded or 'macrosparma' types were generally poor yielding and late maturing. Seed protein content ranged from 24.3% to 27.2% among ten lentil genotypes studied in a yield trial. Yield data was not conclusive as the trial was affected by unfavorable weather. Results of lablab bean studies with two sowing dates-mid May and mid July. illustrated that off-season early sowing ( as in May) of local genotypes did not enhance flowering appreciably nor give any pod yield benefits; in two genotypes pod production was rather depressed with excessive vegetative growth when sowing was ahead of season. Flowering behavior was periodically fixed in two exotic genotypes unlike the local beans. The genetic studies using filial and back-crossed progenies of a bean cross between focal and exotic genotypes indicated greater role of additive gene action for flowering and pod yield while for protein content both additive and dominance genetic components were equally important.

Keywords: Food legume, lentil, Genetics, Germplasm.

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1988

End Date: 00-00-1989

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Lentil

Objectives:

1.To rejuvenate and evaluate germ plasm of lentil and lablab bean, and also few other food legumes.

2. To investigate the effect of sowing time in relation to genetic variation in lentil and lablab bean.

3. To study the nature and action of genes controlling economies characters in lablab bean, and the genotype weeding interaction in lentil.

4. To carry out selection studios in lentil and lablab bean for developing high yielding, early maturing genotypes with good pod and seed characters.

5. To participate in the national and international collaborative food legume research efforts.

Methodology:

Eight experiments were carried out, five on lentil and three on lablab bean. Besides, there were several collaborative food legume international nurseries and trials at BAU. conducted through the sponsorship of ICARDA, Syria. These included trials on lentil, chickpea and faba bean (ct. kallmotor ), the results of which are expected to be published by ICARDA, in its International Food Legume Nursery Report for 1988-89. Land preparation for the experiments was done during late Oct. and early Nov. 88 for lentil and one Week before sowing for country bean. No chemical fertilizers or organic manurers were used in the land preparation or in the pit formation ( for bean). Saliant aspects of materials and methods for the individual expts, such as design of experiment, sowing date, etc. for both lentil and lablab bean may be seen .. Data recording on individual plant characters of lentil such as plant height (crn), no. of branches, no. of pods, etc. were done from 20 randomly selected plant samples of central area of the plot. Yield data per unit area was recorded from the whole plot. In bean studies, data on pod length, pod width and seeds per pod were recorded from 20 randomly selected pods. No. of pods per plant was estimated as : ( N J. of pods/spike) x (No. of spikes/plant), where the former was calculated from 20 randomly selected spikes of a plant. Edible green pod yield per plant was derived in kg as: (N x P x W )/( 20 x 1000), where N = No. of podding spikes/plant; P = No. of pods/spike and W =20-pod weight in g. Protein con- tent of seed, on dry basis, was estimated by Kjeldahl method (N x 6.25).

Source of Information: Proc. BAU Res. Progress 1990: 66-79

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of lablab bean studies with two sowing dates-mid May and mid July. illustrated that off-season early sowing ( as in May) of local genotypes did not enhance flowering appreciably nor give any pod yield benefits; in two genotypes pod production was rather depressed with excessive vegetative growth when sowing was ahead of season. Flowering behavior was periodically fixed in two exotic genotypes unlike the local beans. The genetic studies using filial and back-crossed progenies of a bean cross between focal and exotic genotypes indicated greater role of additive gene action for flowering and pod yield whiIe for protein content both additive and dominance genetic components were equally important.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings