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Response of Mungbean to Flooding at Vegetatne Stage I. Root and Shoot Growth

M. R. Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

A. Hamid
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

M. A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

J. U. Ahmed
Department of Crop Botany,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman icultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

Qazi A. Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

M. M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted using 40 mungbean genotypes to evaluate the level of flooding injury and subsequent recovery, and adaptive mechanism of tolerance to soil flooding. Seedlings of 18-day old were subjected to soil flooding for 5 days with a separate set of same genotypes as flood free control Samplings were made at 23 DAE and 30 DAE and the changes in morphological characters and growth attributes were observed. Rooting generally reduced the total dry matter (TDM). Differences in TDM accumulation between the flooded and non-flooded plants were more prominent during the post-flooding recovery period than that at the end of flooding. However, the difference in TDM and NAR less pronounced in some genotypes. The adverse affect of flooding was more on root growth than that on shoot growth during flooding period. The genotypes produced adventitious root systems to recover flooding injury. Leaf area markedly reduced during post-flooding period mainly because of senescence and shedding of lower leaves. The increase in TOM production during post-flooding recovery period largely depended on root mass, leaf area and NAR. The recovery of root growth as well as its contribution towards shoot development was an important adaptive mechanism of flooding tolerance and the genotypes No 1152 A-G, Vo 1594 B-G, GK 5, GK 7, GK 48, GK 65, VC 3945 A, VC 6372 (45-8-1) and VC 1163) showed a high degree of such tolerance. The genotypes (VC 1386 A-G, GK 31, GK 41, GK 55 and Vo 1980 A-G) failed to recover their root system and subsequent growth and were susceptible. The other genotypes showed a fair degree of tolerance to soil flooding.

Keywords: Soil flooding, Growth, Tolerance mechanisms and mungbean

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-06-2000

End Date: 00-07-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To evaluate the level of flooding injury and subsequent recovery, and adaptive mechanism of tolerance to soil flooding.

Methodology:

This study was conducted at the Environmental Stress Research Site of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during June and July 2000. Based on the results of primary evaluation (Islam 2003), 40 mungbean genotypes with varying degrees of tolerance to soil flooding at seedling stage were selected for further evaluation in this experiment. The seedlings of the genotypes were raised in plastic trays of 20cm length, 14cm breath and 5 cm height. The seeds were soaked in water for 4 hours before sowing and properly imbibed seeds were sown in the trays containing soils on 1 June 2000. Most of the seedlings emerged within 3 days after sowing. Seedlings were thinned out keeping four healthy seedlings of uniform growth. An optimal soil moisture content (about 50% available water content) was maintained during growing of seedlings. Flooding treatment was imposed at 18 days after emergence (DAE) when the plants attained 4 nodes and 2 trifoliate leaves (i.e.V2 stage). Four plants of each genotype were harvested before imposing the flooding treatment. Eight plants of each genotype were flooded with standing water of 2.5cm above the soil surface. The plants were kept flooded for 5 days. The non-flooded control plants were allowed to receive the optimum amount of water. From each genotype, four flooded and four non-flooded control plants were harvested at the end of the 5-day flooding period (23 DAE). At the same time another four flooded plants of each genotype were removed from the water tank and allowed to grow in moist soil condition. These plants along with four non-flooded control plants were harvested after 7 -day post-flooding recovery period (30 DAE). During three successive harvests (i.e. at 18 DAE, 23 DAE and 30 DAE), data on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and dry weight (DW) of plant components were recorded. Leaf area was measured using automatic leaf area meter (AAM-8, Hayashi Dehnko, Japan) immediately after each harvest. At each harvest, the plants were segmented into stem, petiole, leaf, root and reproductive organs and dried at 80°C to a constant weight. Total dry weight (DW) was calculated by summing up the DW of the components. The following growth parameters were calculated according to Patterson (1982): Total dry matter (TDM) production in a particular period (6W) = Wz-WI mg and Net assimilation rate (NAR) = (W2-WI)/6T x (InA₂- lnA_l)/(A₂-A_I) mg dm-2 day-I, where, 6T = length of harvest interval, WI and W2 = total OW at the beginning and end of the interval, Al and A2 = total leaf area at the beginning and end of the interval.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2005, 11(1 & 2):1-9 ,ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Flooding generally reduced the total dry matter (TDM). Differences in TDM accumulation between the flooded and non-flooded plants were more prominent during the post-flooding recovery period than that at the end of flooding. However, the difference in TDM and NAR less pronounced in some genotypes. The adverse effect of flooding was more on root growth than that on shoot growth during flooding period. The genotypes produced adventitious root systems to recover flooding injury. Leaf area markedly reduced during post-flooding period mainly because of senescence and shedding of lower leaves. The increase in TDM production during post-flooding recovery period largely depended on root mass, leaf area and NAR. The recovery of root growth as well as its contribution towards shoot development was an important adaptive mechanism of flooding tolerance and the genotypes No 1152 A-G, Vo 1594 B-G, GK 5, GK 7, GK 48, GK 65, VC 3945 A, VC 6372 (45-8-1) and VC 1163) showed a high degree of such tolerance. The genotypes (VC 1386 A-G, GK 31, GK 41, GK 55 and Vo 1980 A-G) failed to recover their root system and subsequent growth and were susceptible. The other genotypes showed a fair degree of tolerance to soil flooding.

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