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Phosphorus Fertilizer Management for Rice in P-deficient Soil

A. L. Shah
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

M. M. Hossain
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Seikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703,

J. C. Biswas
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

A. J. M. S. Karim
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Seikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703,

G. M. Panaulla
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

A. R. M. Solaiman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Seikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703,

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to determine phosphorus (P) rate, its suitable sources and use-efficiency in P deficient Aeric haplaquept soil (AEZ 28). Plants under P deficient conditions produced fewer tillers having narrow, erect and dirty green leaves.Flowering of those plants was delayed by 10-29 days compared to P fertilized plots. Grain yield advantage with added P irrespective of its sources was 2.6-3.9 t ha^-1 in dry season and that of 1.9-3.9 t ha^-I in wet season. In P deficient (Olsen available P 4.96 mg kg^-I) condition, optimum P doses for dry and wet seasons were 35-40 and 35-45 kg ha^-1, respectively depending on rice varieties. Moreover, TSP and DAP were equally effective for rice production. Uneven and delayed flowering of rice in the field may give an indication of P deficiency.

Keywords: Phosphorus deficiency, P'source, Rice yield

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine optimum P rate along with its sources and P use-efficiency of four rice varieties.

Methodology:

The trials were conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute , Gazipur during the dry season and wet season of 2000. After final land preparation and before fertilizer application, initial soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm depth using auger. Sub-samples were collected from the homogenized samples, air-dried and then analyzed following standard procedures. Four Prates, viz., 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha^-1; two P sources, triple super phosphate (TSP) and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and four rice varieties, BRRl dhan28 (growth duration, GD, 140 days) and BRRI dahn29 (GD, 160 days) in dry season; BRRl dhan30 (GD 140 days) and BRRI dhan33 (GD, 120 days) in wet season were used as treatments. All together there were 16 treatment combinations. The experiment was laid out in a factorial (3-factor: Prate, P sources, and rice varieties) randomized complete block design with three replications. Forty-two day-old seedlings in dry season and 28-day-old seedlings in wet season were transplanted at 20 x 20 cm. Phosphorus fertilizers as TSP and DAP were applied basally and thoroughly mixed with soil. Similar amount of N added through DAP was adjusted with urea-N for TSP treated plots and applied basally. Nitrogen as urea, K as muriate of potash, S as gypsum and Zn as ZnS0₄ were applied in blanket doses at 120-60-10-1 kg N-K-S-Zn ha^-1 in dry season. Only N and Kat 80 and 60 kg ha^-1, respectively, were applied during wet season. PKSZn and 40% N were applied basally. The remaining 60% was applied in two equal splits at 30 days after transplanting (DAT) and at 5-7 days before panicle initiation during dry season. However, in wet season 1^sttop dress made at 21 DAT. A sample area of 5 m² was harvested for grain yield, 16 hills plot^-1 from four spots were harvested for straw yield and that of one hill plot! for determining 1000-grain weight and filled grains m^-2. Grain yield was adjusted at 14% moisture content and straw yield was recorded after oven drying at 70^oC for 72 hours. Phosphorus uptake at maturity was determined colorimetrically by the vanado-molybdo phosphoric acid method. Data collected were analyzed following analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were compared using LSD or DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2005, 11(1 & 2): 25-32, ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plants under P deficient conditions produced fewer tillers having narrow, erect and dirty green leaves.Flowering of those plants was delayed by 10-29 days compared to P fertilized plots. Grain yield advantage with added P irrespective of its sources was 2.6-3.9 t ha^-1 in dry season and that of 1.9-3.9 t ha^-Iin wet season. In P deficient (Olsen available P 4.96 mg kg^-I) condition, optimum P doses for dry and wet seasons were 35-40 and 35-45 kg ha^-1, respectively depending on rice varieties. Moreover, TSP and DAP were equally effective for rice production. Uneven and delayed flowering of rice in the field may give an indication of P deficiency. Application of 30 kg P ha-¹ under such situations could provide sufficient P for normal flowering of rice plants in both dry and wet seasons.

Knowledge Management: Journal