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Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth Dynamics, Dry Matier Remobilization and Seed Yield in Rapeseed

Q.A. Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

J.U.Ahmed
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

M.A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

M. Masuma Akhter
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth dynamics, dry matter remobilization, seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency in four rapeseed genotypes viz. BARI Sarisha-8, Nap-179, Nap-248 and Nap-9686 and four nitrogen fertilizer levels were 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha^-1. The leaf area index (LAI, total dry matter (TDM), crop growth rate (CGR), yield components and seed yield increased significantly with the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in all four genotypes. Partitioning of TDM into leaf, stem and siliqua was also increased significantly with the increase in the level of nitrogen fertilizer. At maturity, the highest siliqua dry matter (638 g m^-2) was obtained from the genotype Nap-179 with 120 kg N ha^-1. The apparent remobilization of stem dry matter and the percent contribution of remobilized dry matter to seed yield and agronomic efficiency of applied nitrogen gradually decreased with the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in all the four rapeseed genotypes studied. All the genotypes gave the highest seed yield at 120 kg N ha^-1. The seed yields at 120 kg N ha^-1 were 1717 kg ha ^-1 in BARI Sarisha-8, 2226 kg ha! in Nap-179, 1911 kg ha^-l in Nap-248 and 1628 kg ha! in Nap-9686. The seed yields obtained at 90 kg N ha! and at 120 kg N ha^-1 were statistically identical in BARl Sarisha-8, Nap-248 and Nap-9686 except Nap-I 79, which gave significantly the highest seed yield of 2226 kg ha^-1 at 120 kg N ha^-1 and it was 190% higher than that of control.

Keywords: Growth dynamics, Dry matter remobilizetion, Nitrogen use efficiency, Seed yield, Nitrogen fertilizer , Rapeseed.

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-1999

End Date: 00-02-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth dynamics, dry matter production and partitioning, remobilizations of stem dry matter and seed yield in four genotypes of rapeseed.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University farm, Gazipur from November 1999 to February 2000. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The four rapeseed genotypes tested were BARI Sarisha-8, Nap-179, Nap-248 and Nap-9686, and four levels of nitrogen fertilization were 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha^-1. Fertilizers were applied @ 30, 60, 30, 4 and 1 kg P, K, S, Zn and B ha-¹in the form of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid, respectively. Besides, cow dung was applied @ 10 t ha^-1. One third of total urea and 100% of other fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. The remaining amount of urea was applied as top dressing in two equal installments, one at vegetative stage i.e. 18 days after emergence (DAE) and the other at flower initiation stage i.e. 35 DAE. Ten days after emergence the crop was thinned to maintain a population density of 66 plants m^-2. Plants were sampled from 0.5 linear meters from each unit plot at 15-day intervals starting from 15 DAE up to 90 DAE. Plants were segmented into leaf, stem and siliqua. At maturity the leaves were abscised, therefore, leaf dry mater was excluded from the dry matter at maturity. Leaf area was measured. The segmented plant components were dried at 70⁰C for 72 hours and weighed. On the basis of leaf area and dry weight LAI and CGR were computed. At maturity, ten plants were harvested from each unit plot to record the data on yield contributing characters. Although three genotypes and on variety of rapeseed in the experiment but no variation was found in crop duration. Seed yield was recorded from an area of 3 m² and adjusted at 8% moisture content. Agronomic efficiency (Ea) of applied nitrogen i.e. the increase in seed yield (kg ha^-1 per unit of nitrogen applied (kg ha') was estimated using the formula Ea = I'!. Y -i- N as mentioned by Cassman et ai. (1996), where I'!. Y is the increase in seed yield (kg ha^-1) that resulted from nitrogen application and N is the amount of applied nitrogen (Kg ha-¹). The apparent remobilization (ARM %) of stem dry matter during grain filling and the possible contribution (PC %) of remobilized stem dry matter to seed yield were calculated according to Hocking et ai., (1997) as ARM %= (SDM1-SDM2)/SDM1 x 100 and PC %= 0.45(SDMrSDM₂)/DMseed x 100. Where, SDM₁ is the maximum stem dry matter (g m^-2 at around siliqua formation, SDM₂ is the stem dry matter at maturity and DM_seed is the seed dry matter at maturity.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2005, 11(1 & 2): 33-40 , ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The leaf area index (LAI, total dry matter (TDM), crop growth rate (CGR), yield components and seed yield increased significantly with the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in all four genotypes. Partitioning of TDM into leaf, stem and siliqua was also increased significantly with the increase in the level of nitrogen fertilizer. At maturity, the highest siliqua dry matter (638 g m^-2) was obtained from the genotype Nap-179 with 120 kg N ha^-1. The apparent remobilization of stem dry matter and the percent contribution of remobilized dry matter to seed yield and agronomic efficiency of applied nitrogen gradually decreased with the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in all the four rapeseed genotypes studied. All the genotypes gave the highest seed yield at 120 kg N ha^-1. The seed yields at 120 kg N ha^-1 were 1717 kg ha ^-1 in BARI Sarisha-8, 2226 kg ha! in Nap-179, 1911 kg ha^-lin Nap-248 and 1628 kg ha^-1 in Nap-9686. The seed yields obtained at 90 kg N ha^-1and at 120 kg N ha^-1 were statistically identical in BARl Srisha-8, Nap-248 and Nap-9686 except Nap-I 79, which gave significantly the highest seed yield of 2226 kg ha^-1at 120 kg N ha^-1 and it was 190% higher than that of control.

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