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Preparation of Upazila Land and Soil Resource Guide, Bianibazar, Sylhet

Md. Shafikuzzaman
Senior Scientific Officer
SRDI, Sylhet

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bianibazar Upazila is situated in the south-eastern part of Sylhet district. It lies between 24º45´ and 24º57´ north latitude and 92º05´ and 92º15´ east longitude and covers an area of 25,072 ha. It lies in the physiographic unit of Northern and Eastern Hills (Low hills, AEZ 29), Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains (AEZ 22) and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain (Eastern Surma Kusiyara Floodplain, AEZ 20). The upazila comprises of 11 unions having a population of 210,673 (2001). Four land types namely highland, medium highland, medium lowland and lowland were identified. The textural classes were sandy loam, loam, clay loam and clay. Nine soil groups were identified. Fourteen cropping patterns were found in the upazila. Total 107 soil samples were collected and analyzed. Soils of Northern and Eastern Hills of this upazila are deficient in N, P and Ca; Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains in N, P, B and Ca; and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain deficient in N, P, K, B and Ca. Fertilizer recommendations for suitable crops are given. Bianibazar upazila was first surveyed in 1995 and updated in 2009.

Keywords: Bianibazar upazila, Land types, Soil groups, Crops, Cropping patterns,Guide

Location: Bianibazar upazila, Sylhet sylhet

Start Date: 01-01-2007

End Date: 30-04-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

1. Land and soil resources inventory of Bianibazar Upazila

2. Soil fertility assessment and fertilizer recommendation.

3. Crop suitability assessment.

4. Preparation of land and soil resource utilization guide with soil and landform map.

Methodology:

Field survey was conducted on the basis of semi-detailed soil survey method. Interpretative soil and landform map was prepared using 1:50,000 aerial photographs. Soils were investigated following a catena and composite top soil samples were collected. The sampling frequency were 1 (one) sample per 200 ha, although more samples were taken wherever necessary according to complexity of soils. During survey crops, cropping patterns, soil management data were collected by physical observations and interviewing the farmers. Soil samples were analyzed for fertility assessment. Crop suitability for each land type was determined. Fertilizer recommendations for suitable crops were made. Final soil and landform map was made from the interpretative field map through verification by ground truthing and field checks. After compiling physical and chemical data sets the land and soil resource utilization guide was prepared.

Source of Information: Land and Soil Resources Utilization Guide, Bianibazar Upazila, Sylhet, 2009, SRDI, Dhaka-1215.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 120,000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 120,000

Achievement/Findings:

Major land types were medium highland (18.3%), medium lowland (21.2%), and lowland (25.2%). Major textural classes identified loam (13.9%), clay loam (53%) and clay (9.1%). Major soil groups identified Fagu (28.3%), Goyainghat (22.2%), Balaganj (8.4%), Terchibari (9.1%) and Pritimpasa (4%). Suitable crops identified were transplanted aman rice, Boro rice, deep-water aman, aus rice, sugarcane, rabi cotton, rabi maize, mustard, rabi groundnut, potato, rabi vegetable, rabi chillies, tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, mango, jackfruit, coconut, and betelnuts. Four major cropping patterns were Boro rice-Fallow (F)-F (31.5%); F-F-B.Aman rice (20.5%); F-F-T. aman rice (11.6%) and Rabi vegitables-F-T. aman (4.9%). Soils of Northern and Eastern Hills of this upazila are deficient in N, P and Ca; Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains in N, P, B and Ca; and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain deficient in N, P, K, B and Ca. Fertilizer recommendations for suitable crops are given in the guide. This guide can be used for determining flood, drought, landslide, soil erosion, river bank erosion. Demonstration site selection for technology transfer and local level development planning can be done with the help of this guide. Upazila land and soil resources carrying capacity can be estimated which would help in determining food deficit or surplus of the area.

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