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Preparation of Upazila Land and Soil Resource Guide, Fenchuganj, Sylhet

Md. Shafikuzzaman
SSO
SRDI, Sylhet

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fenchuganj Upazila is situated in about the southern part of Sylhet district. It lies between 24º38´ and 24º45´ north latitude and 91º53´ and 92º03´ east longitude and covers an area of 10,979 ha. It lies in the physiographic unit of Northern and Eastern Hills (Low hills, AEZ 29) , Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains (AEZ 22) and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain (Eastern Surma Kusiyara Floodplain, AEZ 20). The upazila comprises of 3 unions having a population of 95,161(2001). Five land types namely highland, medium highland, medium lowland, lowland and very lowland were identified. The textural classes were sandy loam, loam, clay loam and clay. Nine soil groups were identified. Eleven cropping patterns were found in the upazila. Total 82 soil samples were collected and analyzed. Soils of Northern and Eastern Hills of this upazila are deficient in N, P, K, S, B, Ca and Mg; Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains in N, P, K, B and Ca; and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain deficient in N, P and K. Fertilizer recommendations for suitable crops are given. Fenchuganj upazila was first surveyed in 1990 and updated in 2009.

Keywords: Fenchuganj upazila, Land types, Soil groups, Crops, Cropping patterns,Guide

Location: Fenchuganj Upazila, Sylhet District

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

1. To invent land and soil resources of Fenchuganj Upazila

2.To assess soil fertility and fertilizer recommendation.

3. To asses crop suitability .

4. To prepare of land and soil resource utilization guide with soil and landform map.

Methodology:

Field survey was conducted on the basis of semi-detailed soil survey method. Interpretative soil and landform map was prepared using 1:50,000 aerial photographs. Soils were investigated following a catena and composite top soil samples were collected. The sampling frequency were 1 (one) sample per 200 ha, although more samples were taken wherever necessary according to complexity of soils. During survey crops, cropping patterns, soil management data were collected by physical observations and interviewing the farmers. Soil samples were analyzed for fertility assessment. Crop suitability for each land type was determined. Fertilizer recommendations for suitable crops were made. Final soil and landform map was made from the interpretative field map through verification by ground truthing and field checks. After compiling physical and chemical data sets the land and soil resource utilization guide was prepared.

Source of Information: Land and Soil Resources Utilization Guide, Fenchuganj Upazila, Sylhet, 2009, SRDI, Dhaka-1215.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 120,000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 120,000

Achievement/Findings:

Major land types were highland (17.2%), medium highland (17.5%), medium lowland (17.2%), lowland (23%) and very lowland (10%). Textural classes identified sandy loam (14.1%), loam (10.8%), clay loam (54.3%) and clay (5.7%). Major soil groups identified Manu (17.1%), Goyainghat (13.2%), Pritimpasa (13%), Fagu (11%), Bijipur (10.6%), Terchibari (5.7%) and Balaganj (4.8%). Suitable crops identified were aman rice, Boro rice, deep-water aman, aus rice, sugarcane, rabi cotton, rabi maize, gram, lentil, mustard, rabi soybean, rabi groundnut, potato, rabi vegetable, rabi chillies, tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, mango, jackfruit, coconut, and betelnuts. Four major cropping patterns were Boro rice-Fallow (F)-F (45.5%); F-F-T.Aman rice (12.5%); F-T.Aus-T. aman rice (7.4%), Tea garden (5.3%); F-F-B.Aman (3.9%) and Forestry (3.6%). Soils of Northern and Eastern Hills of this upazila are deficient in N, P, K, S, B, Ca and Mg; Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains in N, P, K, B and Ca; and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain in N, P and K. This guide can be used for determining flood, drought, landslide, soil erosion, river bank erosion. Demonstration site selection for technology transfer and local level development planning can be done with the help of this guide.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings