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Effecf of Arsenic Levels on Growth and Yield of Rice

A. L. Shah
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M. S. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Hossain
Pathology Plant Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rice was grown in pots with silty clay soil having 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 mg Arsenic (As) kg ^-1 soil weight basis to determine the level of arsenic toxicity on rice growth and yield. Application. of 20 mg As/kg-¹soil decreased plant growth, straw and grain yield/pot compared to arsenic control treatment of both applied and residual crops. All rice plants damaged when arsenic applied to immediate crop @ 80 mg As kg^-1 soil weight basis or higher doses. Rice growth at higher arsenic doses in residual experiment indicated that the phytotoxicity of arsenic decreased as its application time exposed for longer period. Arsenic content in both straw and grain increased with increasing As application dose. However, the arsenic content in straw was higher than in grain.

Keywords: Rice, Arsenic, Growth and yield

Location: Greenhouse, Bangladesh Rice Research Institutes, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine the toxicity level on rice growth and yield.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted in pot of the Bangladesh Rice Research Institutes' greenhouse. Ten different doses of arsenic (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 mg As kg^-I soil weight basis) were imposed in pot soil during T.Aman 2002 season. Each pot contained 3 kg of air dry finely ground silty clay loam soil. The initial soil pH was 6.7 with an organic matter (OM) content of 1.44%, available P 13 mg kg^-I, exchangeable K 0.17 meq-^100g and the total arsenic was 5.2 mgkg^-I. Sodium arsenate was used as a source of arsenic and applied in solution form in respective treatments. Nitrogen (N) as urea, phosphorus (P) as TSP and potassium (K) as muriate of potash @ 180-25-40 kg ha^-1were applied as blanket application, respectable in all treatments. One-third of N, full dose of P, K and arsenic were applied as basal prior to seedling transplanting. Rest two-third N was applied respectively at 24 days after transplanting and 4-5 days before panicle initiation. Four seedlings of BR11 (30 day-old) were transplanted in each pot and grown up to maturity. The treatments were replicated thrice and arranged in RCBD. Boro crop was grown in the same layout and fertilized as transplanted aman except arsenic dose i.e. considered as arsenic residual crop. Forty-day old seedlings of BRRI dhan29 were transplanted in boro season and the crop also was grown up to maturity. Pot water maintained flooding condition up to ripening stage of rice plant. Straw and grain weight were recorded pot-wise with necessary moisture correction and then the samples were analyzed for total As content. Total As was determined by digesting the straw and paddy samples with tri-acid mixture (HN0₃: HCI0₄: H₂S0₄, 7:2:1) until samples become whitish colored. The digest was cooled and then filtrated through Whatman No.1 filter paper and finally made a volume up to 50 ml. A Perkin-Elmer Analyst 100 atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a FIAS-100-f1ow injection hydride generation system was used for all arsenic determination. All samples were pre-reduced with cone. HCI (1 rnl), 5% Kl and ascorbic acid mixture prior to hydride generation. However, treatment- wise composite post harvest soil samples were also analyzed for As determination following same procedure of plant sample digestion. However, all the parameters were statistically

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2009,12 (1 & 2): 1-4 , ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application. of 20 mg As/kg^-1 soil decreased plant growth, straw and grain yield/pot compared to arsenic control treatment of both applied and residual crops. All rice plants damaged when arsenic applied to immediate crop @ 80 mg As kg^-1soil weight basis or higher doses. Rice growth at higher arsenic doses in residual experiment indicated that the phytotoxicity of arsenic decreased as its application time exposed for longer period. Arsenic content in both straw and grain increased with increasing As application dose. Arsenic content in straw was higher than in grain.

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