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Influence of Light and Moisture Regimes on the Yield and Yield Attributes of Tomato

M. Mustaque Ahmed
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

J. Ferdoushe Ara
Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Md. Giashuddin Miah
Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In a field experiment, the influence of three light levels, i.e., 100, 75 and 50% PAR and five irrigation schedules based on IW/CPE ratios, i.e., 1.00, 0.75, 0.50, 0.25 and no irrigation on tomato yield and yield attributes was evaluated. It was observed that both light and irrigation levels affected crop yield remarkably and their interaction was significant. Seventy five percent PAR at IW/CPE ratio 0.75 produced the highest yield (67.24 t ha^-1). Statistically similar yields were also obtained from 75% PAR level at IW/CPE ratio 1.00 (66.77 t ha ^-1) and IW/CPE ratio 0.50 (66.73 t ha ^-1). The yield advantage was mainly contributed by the increased number of primary branches, number of fruits per plant and fruit weight as indicated by their strong correlation (0.787**, 0.8901** and 0.7908**, respectively) with the yield. Regression analysis showed highly significant quardratic response of yield to both light and irrigation regimes.

Keywords: Tomato, PAR, Moisture regimes

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University , Gazipur

Start Date: 00-10-2003

End Date: 00-04-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To determine the optimum PAR and water requirement for tomato and assess the effect of PAR and water availability on the yield and yield attributes of tomato.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during October 2003 to April 2004 under upland condition. The treatments consisted of three light levels, i.e., 100, 75 and 50% PAR and five levels of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 1.00, 0.75, 0.50, 0.25 and no irrigation (control). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with PAR levels in the main plot and moisture regimes in the sub-plot measuring 2 x 3 m and replicated thrice. In 100% PAR, the plots received full sunlight without any barrier. In 75% and 50% PAR treatments, light levels were reduced using nylon nets by measuring the PAR by Linear PAR Ceptometer, Decagon Devices, Inc. 800-755-2751 (USA). Fixed amount of irrigation of 40 mm was applied at all stages and 6,5,4, and 2 irrigation were received by IW/CPE 1.00, 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 treatments, respectively depending on cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) and rainfall . The control treatment received irrigation in pit just after transplanting for seedling establishment. The variety BARI T omato-8 (Shila) was used in the experiment. Thirty three days old healthy seedlings were transplanted at 60 cm x 40 cm spacing on November 29, 2003 on well prepared beds in unit plots. Recommended doses of fertilizers for BARI tomato-8 i.e., 180 kg N, 138 kg P₂0₅, 150 kg K₂0 and 15 ton cow dung per hectare were applied. Full amount of cowdung and P₂0₅ were applied as basal during the final land preparation while N and K₂0 were applied in 3 equal splits at 15, 25 and 35 days after transplanting. The experimental plots were kept weed free by weeding frequently. Tomato plants were staked with bamboo stick after the first weeding to prevent lodging. Data on yield, yield components and other parameters were collected from five random plants excluding the border plants. Tomato fruits were harvested in several pickings at early ripe stage from February 19 till April 7, 2004. After recording necessary data, sample fruits were analyzed in the laboratory for determination of Vitamin C, l3-carotene, free reducing sugar, free organic acid and total soluble sugar (TSS).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2009, 12 (1 & 2): 17-24 ,ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study indicates that the reduced light condition has a strong influence on fresh yield of tomato and the highest yield may be achieved at 75% PAR. Similarly, the yield responded better at IW/CPE ratio 0.75 suggesting that full irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 1.00 is slightly detrimental to the yield. This suggests that tomato might be a potential under-story crop for multi-strata agroforestry production system, especially in depleted forest and newly aforested situations.

Knowledge Management: Journal