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Effectiveness of Fungicides, Organic Amendments, Sanitation and Palnt Extract in Controlling Early Blight Disease of Tomato

Dr. Hosne-Ara Begum
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh

Md. Halal Uddin
M. S. Student
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Three fungicides viz., Ridomil MZ-72, Dithane M-45 and Bavistin were tested in vitro and were found that they inhibited mycelial growth of A. solani ranging from 6.84 to 78.7%. Among the treatments Ridomil MZ-72 performed better in reducing early blight of tomato and thereby increasing fruit yield (47.29 %) over control followed by bavistin (42.29 %)Two fungicides, a soil amendment sanitation and a plant extract were tested against Alternaria solani the causal agent of early blight of tomato during the winter season of 2006-07. All the treatments were more or less effective in controlling Alternaria solani (Ell. and Martin) Sor. invivo. Among the treatments Ridomil MZ-72 was the most effective one in controlling the disease while the least effect was Dholkalmi. The plant treated by Ridomil MZ-72 showed moderately resistant and mustard oil cake, bavistin, sanitation showed moderately susceptible and Dholkalmi showed susceptible reaction to the disease.

Keywords: Fungicide, Soil amendment, Sanitation, Early blight, Tomato.

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To know the effect of fungicide, soil amendment, sanitation and plant extract on early blight of tomato.

Methodology:

In vitro preliminary evaluation of fungicides: For preliminary screening, three fungicides were tested to observe the percentage growth inhibition of mycelial growth of A. solani. Preliminary evaluation of the concentrations (500, 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 PPM) for each fungicide was done by using poisoned food technique.

Preparation of poisoned food for test pathogens: Required amount of fungicides of each concentration was thoroughly mixed with melted PDA. Thus, 100 ml poisoned PDA for each concentration was prepared (50 ml double concentrated PDA+50 ml fungicidal solution). Five replicated plates of 9 cm diameter each containing 20 ml medium were maintained for each of the concentration ranging from 500-3000 ppm.

Inoculation of the test pathogen: Each Petri plate was then inoculated centrally with a mycelial disc (5 mm diameter) taken from the periphery of 7 days old A. solani. PDA containing A. solani for each control plate was prepared by mixing distilled water and maintained against each of the fungicide.

Data collection: Mycelial growth of the pathogen at 24 hours interval up to 7 days was recorded.

Effect of treatments in the field: The experiment was conducted to develop suitable control strategy by using fungicides, sanitation, soil amendment, plant extract (Dholkolmi) against early blight of tomato at BINA farm, Mymensingh where sufficient natural infection of the disease had been noticed in the previous years. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the winter season of 2006-07 under natural field condition. The variety Binatomato-5 was used as test crop. The unit plot size was 2m. × 1.5m. The fertilizers were applied 161 kg N, 120 kg P₂0₅ and 120 kg k₂0 ha^-1. Mustard oil cake was mixed thoroughly with the soil @ 200 kg ha^-1. Mustard oil cake was allowed to decompose for 10 day after application. Fungicide spray was started @ 0.2% at the onset of disease; the subsequent two sprays were applied at an interval of 7 days. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted with spacing 50 cm between rows and between plants. The plants were allowed to grow without any spray of insecticide. The percent infected plants, percent leaf area infected and disease severity were recorded at 40, 55, 70 and 85 days after planting.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Environ. Sci. Vol. 13 No. 2, 446-459.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Ridomil MZ-72 inhibited the highest mycelial growth of A. solani in vitro than the fungicides bavistin and Dithane M-45. Ridomil MZ-72 showed significantly the highest reduction in percent plant infection (59.4%), percent leaf area diseased (59.4%) and disease severity (50%) of early blight of tomato. The highest plant height, branch plant^-1and yield were observed in plants treated by ridomil MZ-72.

Knowledge Management: Journal