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Variation in Phasic Photosynthesis and Productivity of Indigenous Rice Cultivars

A. Hamid
Department of Agronomy, BSMR Agricultural University, Gazipur

M.M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, BSMR Agricultural University, Gazipur

A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, BSMR Agricultural University, Gazipur

M.A. Badshah
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out during rainy season of 1998 to evaluate the phasic differences in the photosynthetic efficiency of indigenous rice cultivars. Nineteen rice cultivars viz. Acc. 8006, Acc. 2002, Acc. 7026, Acc. 22046, Acc. 2022, Ace. 17007, Acc. 36001, Acc. 23006, Ace. 3005, Ace. 6013, Ace. 24006, Ace. 1078, Acc. 3008, Acc. 12028, Acc. 12013, Acc. 32008, Acc. 4001, Acc. 24004 and Ace. 14001 collected from different agroecological zones of Bangladesh were considered for the study. One modern cultivar BRRI dhan31 was used in the experiment as a check. Leaf photosynthetic rate of rice cultivars was measured at vegetative, panicle initiation and flowering stages with a portable photosynthesis measuring device. Marked variation in photosynthesis was observed among the cultivars and across the growth stages. At vegetative stage, photosynthetic rates were higher in Acc. 32008, Acc. 1078, Acc. 4001, Acc. 8006 and Acc. 17007. At panicle initiation stage BR31, Ace. 2002, Ace. 8006 and Acc.7026 showed greater photosynthetic rates while Ace. 2022, Acc. 23006 and Acc. 17007 and the check BRRI dhan31 had higher rates at flowering. No cultivar was found maintaining consistently higher photosynthetic rates throughout the growth period, although a modern variety BRRI dhan31 exhibited the highest photosynthetic rates at panicle initiation (44.38 µ mol m^-2sol) and at flowering stages (30.31 µ mol m^-2s-l). Among the indigenous cultivars, Acc. 8006 had relatively higher photosynthetic rates during vegetative and panicle initiation stages. Acc.17007 displayed fairly a high photosynthetic rate at vegetative and flowering stages. BRRl dhan31 produced the highest grain yield (79.00 g) per plant. Among the indigenous cultivars, Acc. 2002 produced the highest grain yield (60.33 g) per plant followed by Acc. 7026 (48.47 g) and Acc. (8006 43.00 g). Grain yield and photosynthetic rates at any growth stage did not correlate.

Keywords: Growth stage, Photosynthesis, Rice, Yield

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1998

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To identify indigenous rice cultivars efficient in photosynthesis in different growth phases.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (BSMR) Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during rainy season of 1998. Nineteen indigenous and one modem rice cultivars were selected for the experiment. Indigenous rice cultivars were collected from different agro-ecological zones of the country. The cultivars were recorded as Acc. 8006, Acc. 2002, Acc. 7026, Acc. 22046, Acc. 2022, Acc. 17007, Acc. 36001, Acc. 23006, Acc. 3005, Acc. 6013, Acc. 24006, Acc. 1078, Acc. 3008, Acc. 12028, Acc. 12013, Acc. 32008, Acc. 4001, Acc. 24004 and Acc. 14001. Modem cultivar BR31 was used as check. The pots having each cultivar were replicated three times and arranged in completely randomized design. Thirty one day old seedlings of rice were transplanted in pots with well prepared clay soil on August 6, 1999. A fertilizer dose corresponding to 50-8-40-3 kg N, P, K, S ha^-1 for indigenous and 70-10-40-5 kg N, P, K, S ha^-1 for modem cultivars was used. All fertilizers except N were applied before transplanting of rice seedling, whereas N was applied in three equal splits: 3, 20 and 50 days after transplanting of rice. The pots were watered regularly to maintain saturation level of soil. Plant protection measures like weeding and spraying of insecticides were done at a regular interval. Leaf photosynthesis was measured at vegetative, panicle initiation and flowering stages of rice with portable photosynthesis measuring device (LICOR, 6200, Lincoln, Nebraska). Photosynthetic rates were measured on the fully expanded young leaf on a clear sunny day between 11 :00 to 13:00 hours. At maturity, yield and yield attributes of rice were recorded. Data on photosynthesis, yield attributes and yield of rice were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by using least significant difference test

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2004, 10(1 & 2): 1-5, ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Marked variation in photosynthesis was observed among the cultivars and across the growth stages. At vegetative stage, photosynthetic rates were higher in Acc. 32008, Acc. 1078, Acc. 4001, Acc. 8006 and Acc. 17007. At panicle initiation stage BR31, Ace. 2002, Ace. 8006 and Acc.7026 showed greater photosynthetic rates while Ace. 2022, Acc. 23006 and Acc. 17007 and the check BRRI dhan31 had higher rates at flowering. No cultivar was found maintaining consistently higher photosynthetic rates throughout the growth period, although a modern variety BRRI dhan31 exhibited the highest photosynthetic rates at panicle initiation (44.38 µ mol m^-2 s^-1) and at flowering stages (30.31µ mol m^-2 s^-l). Among the indigenous cultivars, Acc. 8006 had relatively higher photosynthetic rates during vegetative and panicle initiation stages. Acc.17007 displayed fairly a high photosynthetic rate at vegetative and flowering stages. BRRl dhan31 produced the highest grain yield (79.00 g) per plant. Among the indigenous cultivars, Acc. 2002 produced the highest grain yield (60.33 g) per plant followed by Acc. 7026 (48.47 g) and Acc. (8006 43.00 g). Grain yield and photosynthetic rates at any growth stage did not correlate.

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