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Dieldrin Toxicity in Onion Root Growth and Cell Division

MOHSI N U. PATWARY
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

SAIMA BEGUM
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. A. ZAMAN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Both initiation and growth of onion root were found to decrease with increased concentrations of dieldrin. This decrease at higher concentration was significant with compared to control. Mitotic index, decreased and chromosome abnormalities both at mitosis and meiosis were increased with increasing dieldrin concentration. The results suggest that the recommended dose for dieldrin application is acceptable for field conditions and it should be followed strictly to avoid damage to plants.

Keywords: Onion, Root growth, Botany

Location: Department of Botany, University of Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

To see the extent of damage it might cause at chromosome level by applied insecticide on onion at different concentrations

Methodology:

A range of seven concentrations as 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8. 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% was used. Five onions were placed on plastic net over each dish containing a different concentration of insecticide. Control onions were placed in the same way on water. Three replications of each treatment was maintained. A similar experiment was done by using soil in Petri dishes, each moistened with 25 ml each of above concentrations of dieldrin . In this case also five onions were placed in each dish and three replications were maintained. Control onions were placed on soil moistened with same amount of water. In both these experiment number of root initiation was recorded after 48 hours and root length was measured after 72 hours. Different concentrations of dieldrin were sprayed three times on onion plants, first one after one week, the second one after t wo weeks of transplantation and the last one just after flower bud initiation. Root tips and flower bud were fixed in I :3 acetic alcohol and slides were prepared following Pat wary and Zaman, 1980.

Source of Information: The Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. – 7, No. – 1, June – 1989.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

When onions were placed directly on dieldrin solution or on soil moistened wit h it, the number of roots decreased with increasing concentration of dieldrin. Although the average dercease in root numbers in successive treatments was not significant, it was significant at 5% level in bot h experiments at higher concentrations compared with those of controls. It was observed that more roots were initiated in soil than in solution. This difference was significant at 5% level. It appears from this study and from. other reports such as Alam eta/. (1980, 1983), Amer and Farah (1974, I983, I984, 1985) and Kaur and Grover ( 1985) that these cell division abnormalities are common manifestations of insecticide toxicity. These abnormalities lead to reduced growth and increased sterility in plants and ultimately impair the overal plant productivity. It appears from this study that the recommended dose ( 0.62%) for application of Dieldrin is acceptable in our field conditions and it should strictly be followed to keep up optimum plant productivity.

Knowledge Management: Journal