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Pest Complex of Flower and Pods of Pigeonpea and Their Control Through Insecticide Application

M. M. Rahman
Division of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiments were conducted during 1985-86 and 1986-87 to record the incidence of insect pests infesting flower and pods of pigeonpea and to test II insecticides for the control of those pests. In both the years, four species of pod borers and one species of thrips were observed to infest flowers and pods. In 1985-86, the pod borer infestation of 47.92% in pods in control reduced the grain yield up to 250.63 kg/ha. But two applications of mono- crotophos at 0.05% could avoid 176.72 kg/ he grain damage against the pod borer. In 1986-87, the application of monocrotophos, deltamethrin, cyper methrin or fonvalorate @.008 % or dimethoate, fenitrothion or malathion @0.08 % or endosulfan 0.10% was highly effective in reducing the infestation in flowers and pods and grain loss due to pod borers and thrips, Since the infestation level was too low, the reduction in grain loss due to protection was not so high in 1986-87.

Keywords: Flower, Pods, Pigeonpea, Insecticide

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1985

End Date: 00-00-1987

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Pigeonpea

Objectives:

To monitor the incidence of insect pests at tacking flower and pods in pigeonpea and to evaluate different insecticides for the control of those pests under Bangladesh conditions.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the central farm of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute during the rabi seasons in 1985-86 and 1986-87. The experiment was set up in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with four replications. Unit plot size was 4m x 3m. The variety used was 76012. In 985-86, only monocrotophos (Azodrin 40WSC) was tested while in 1 986-87, tri al was made with 11 insecticides. In the first year trial, seeds were sow n on 28.10.85 and the crops were harvested on 1.3.86 while in the second year, sowing was done on 2. 11. 86 and the crops were harvested on 1 2. 3. 87. The insecticides were applied as foliar spray once at flowering and then at pod setting. The data on pod borer infestation on flower and pod and on thrips infesting flowers were collected from pre-marked lm row length of 2nd, 3rd, 8th and 9th rows of each plot. The data on flower infestation and on thrips were collected on 4 dates at an interval of 10 days. The pods from central 4 rows were plucked at maturity for obtaining grain yield. The grain loss was calculated based on 1000 grain weight.

Source of Information: The Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. – 7, No. – 1, June – 1989

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results regarding effects on thrips are in agreement with the findings who reported that deltamethrin, endosulfan, monocro-tohos and dimethoate were effective in controlling thrips. The effect of insecticides on the pod borer infestation and grain yield as observed in our experiment tally very well with those of many workers. Dandale et al. (1981) reported the superiority of cypermethrin, fenvalerate and endosulfan in reducing pod borer infestatation in red gram. Deltamethrin, fenvalerate, monocrotophos, dimethoate and malathion were found to give increased grain yield in mungbean. The flower and pods are the important yield determining factors in pigeonpea. In case of high infestation in flower and pods, the pod borers can reduce the grain yield to a great extent. Under such situation, application of deltamethrin, cypermethrin or fenvalerate @ 0.008% or dimethoate, fenitrothin, malathion, quinalphos or monocrotophos @ 0.08% or endosulfan 0.10% once at flowering and then at pod setting would be highly effective. However, at lower infestation (e.g. 1.78 and 4.57% flower and pod infestation, respectively by borers ) insecticide application would not be economically advisable.

Knowledge Management: Journal