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Study on Growth and Development of Dragon Fruits (hylocereus Undatus) in Chittagong

M. Mahabub Alam Patwary
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Pahartali, Chittagong

H. Barua
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Pahartali, Chittagong

M. H. Rahman
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Pahartali, Chittagong

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Pahartali, Chittagong during December 2010 to July 2013 to evaluate two dragon fruit genotypes. Among the germplasm the highest plant height (272.13 cm) was recorded in HU Pha-002 while the lowest (263.34 cm) in HU Pha-001. Three times flowering was observed in HU Pha-002 while HU Pha-001 flowered twice. Flower bud of HU Pha-001 required 18 days to full bloom, while that of 20 days for HU Pha-002. Fruit become matured after 20 days of anthesis in HU Pha-001 and 22 days in HU Pha-001. Higher number (8) of flower per plant was observed in HU Pha-002 while lower number (7) in HU Pha-001. Fruit weight ranged from 155 - 386 g in HU Pha-002 and 150-250 g in HU Pha-001. Edible portion was found 84% and 86% with 11.4% and 12.2% TSS in HU Pha-001 and HU Pha-002, respectively. Pulp colour of fruit was white in HU Pha-001 whether it was noted red in the case of HU Pha-002.

Keywords: Dragon fruit, Growth and development, Fruit size, TSS, Edible portion

Location: Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Pahartali, Chittagong

Start Date: 01-12-2010

End Date: 31-07-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Dragon fruit

Objectives:

To study the performance of dragon fruit germplasm in Chittagong region

To evaluate, characterize and document the physico-morphological characteristics of dragon fruit

To select a suitable dragon fruit germplasm for release as a variety in respective to higher yield and good quality fruits.

Methodology:

The experiment with two genotypes of dragon fruits were evaluated at Agricultural Research Station, Pahartali, Chittagong during December 2010 to July 2013. Among the germplasm HU Pah-001 were collected from Germplasm Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and HU Pah-002 from Halda Valley Tea state, Fatikchari, Chittagong. Both the germplasm were planted during December 2010 with a spacing of 2m x 2m at the experimental field of ARS, Pahartali Chittagong. The plants were supported by RCC pillar having a base at the top of the pillar to allow the plants to grow properly. Manures and fertilizers were applied @ 40 kg cowdung/pit & 50-100-100-10-10-10 g/pit of Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum, Borax and Zinc-sulphate, respectively. Full amount of fertilizer were applied at a time as basal. The cuttings were planted after 30 days of fertilization. Irrigation and other intercultural operations were done as per requirements. Plant protection measures were also taken periodically. Data on plant height, number of segments, number of side segments were collected at every 30 days interval. Other parameters viz., date of flower bud emergence, date of anthesis, time of anthesis, duration of anthesis, number of calyx, number of petals, stigma segments, length of flower (cm), colour of anthers, colour of stigma, petal colour, number of anther, number of flowers per plant, date of harvest, days to harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight (g), fruit length(cm), fruit breadth(cm), pulp colour, edible portion (%) and total soluble solids (TSS) were recorded.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2012-13. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 25000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 25000/-

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results, it is evident that dragon fruit has grown successfully in Chittagong region indicating climatic conditions for growing this fruit are favorable in this area. Multiplication of dragon fruit can be possible through cuttings of segments and side segments. Considering number of flower, weight of fruit and other characters, the genotype HU Pha-002 was found promising and released as BARI Dragon fruit 1 during 2013-14.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings