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Effect of Types and Levels of Feed and Different Levels of Molasses on Ensiling Characteristics of Cage Layer Waste Based Concentrates

B. K. Roy
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar. Dhaka-1341

M. R. Islam
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar. Dhaka-1341

K. S. Huque
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar. Dhaka-1341

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to develop a series of concentrate mixture for ruminant based on cage layer waste (CLW) and to investigate nutritive value and ensiled characterizing of concentrate mixtures. The CLW was collected from a stack that was 17 days old al contained 33% OM 18% CP with a high pH 8.2. The CLW were ensiled by adding three f ingredients namely rice polish. wheat bran and crushed wheat, each at four levels (0. 5. 10 and 15%) and again each of feed level was supplemented with four levels of molasses (0. 5. 10 an 15%). Types of feed significantly (p0?.05) affected the pH of ensiled CLW based concentrate mixture. Among the feeds. pH was lowest (4.9) with the feed containing 30% rice polish at 15% molasses and that with 45% wheat bran and 10% molasses.The pH decreased with the increase in DM content (R²=0.75). but increase with the increase in ash (R²=0.85) and CP (R²=0.46) of ensiled concentrates. Incorporation of grain rather than the by-products may lower the pH of ensiled CLW based concentrate mixture. Level of feed was negatively relater. with pH (R²=0.71). ash (R²=0.86) and CP (R²=0.36); but positively related to DM content (R²=0.81) of concentrate mixture. For 1 % increase in feed level pH may decrease 0.038. Types of feed ingredient had no effect (p?0.05) on DM content, but the levels of feed (p?0.01) and levels of molasses (p?0.05) significantly affected the DM content of CLW based concentrates Both pH and ash decreased significantly (p?0.05 to 0.001) with the addition of either feed ingredients or molasses in CLW based concentrates. Types of feed ingredient significantly (p?0.01) affected the CP of dried concentrates, but did not affect the CP (p?0.05) of fresh concentrates. During the drying period on an average 3% CP was lost. Some CLW base concentrates such as 15% rice polish with 15% molasses. 15% wheat bran with 5% molasses 45% wheat bran with 5% molasses contained 17-18% CP of fresh concentrates. The CP content of these diets suggests that these concentrates may be used as complete concentrate mixture in ruminant diets.

Keywords: Cage layer. Waste. Concentrate feed. Ensiling. Nutritive value

Location: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of type of feed ingredients, level of feed ingredients and molasses level on characteristics and chemical composition poultry excreta (cage layer waste) based lied concentrate mixture; and to know the ensiling characteristics of the mixture.

Methodology:

This experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI). Savar, Dhaka. Stack cage layer waste (CLW) used in this study was collected from the poultry shed of BLRI. The waste was collected from a stack that was 17 days old and contained 33% DM. About 100 kg of CLW was placed on a polyethylene sheet on the floor and mixed properly. Any foreign substances and feather were removed. Different levels of feed ingredients were used to reduce moisture content, and to improve nutritive value and the ensiling characteristics of concentrate mixture. The mixture was prepared by adding three feed ingredients namely rice polish (automatic not deollcd), wheat bran and crushed wheat each at four levels (0, 15. 30 and 45%) where each of the mentioned feed level was again supplemented with four levels of molasses (0, 5, 10 and 15%). Each of the feed was prepared in duplicate. The above mentioned ingredients were mixed homogeneously with CL Wand were packed in polyethylene bags. After removing inside air. the bag was tied with a string and stored in a dark room at room temperature (23?) during the early winter (September- October). Each bag contained 2 kg of materials. The silages were opened 5 weeks after preparation. Samples for pH, organoleptic test and chemical analysis were taken from all treatments. After opening. it was observed that fungal growth was occurred only in ensiled CLW without any feed ingredients (control group). The fresh silage samples were sun-dried (ambient temperature 30?, relative humidity 80%) for 5 days and were ground to pass through 2-mm screen using a Wiley mill. Chemical analysis were done from both fresh and sun- dried samples. Samples of CLW. rice polish, wheat bran, crushed wheat and molasses were frozen (-18°C) for further analysis.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Livestock Research. Vol: 11 (No-1), pp: 50-60, (Jan-June) 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present experiment showed that cage layer waste was a moderate source of crude protein. The low protein may be due to the presence of excessive amount of rice hull, straw and sand in CLW. The fermentation quality of ensiled CLW based concentrate was moderate. Different feeds at 45% level with 15% molasses was found to lower pH (4.8) although 45% levels of feed with 10% molasses was found better in organoleptic evaluation (sweet pickle smell reddish brown colour). The lower pH of some of the treatments which contained 16-18% CP may be used for animal production. However, more in vivo studies are necessary before their use in practical situation.

Knowledge Management: Journal