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Effect of Irrigation and Sulphur on the Performance of Onion (allium Cepa L.)

Shamima Aktar
Dept. of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Ralunan Agricultural University, Gazipur.

S. Karim
Dept. of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Ralunan Agricultural University, Gazipur.

S. A. Mollik
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Khagrachari.

M. R. Amin
Faml Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

S.M. Raquibullah
Faml Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effects of different levels of irrigation and sulphur on the onion cultivar Taherpuri were tested in the Shallow Red-Brown Terrace Soil of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Farm during December 2002 to March 2003 to determine the optimum amount of water and sulphur required to achieve the maximum yield of onion, Four regimes of irrigation (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 IW/CPE ratio) and four levels of sulphur (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha^-1) were used in the experiment. The growth and yield of onion increased with increasing levels of both irrigation and sulphur. The effect of sulphur on plant height and number of leaf/plant was not significant. Both irrigation and sulphur application significantly increased bulb diameter of onion, The highest yield under the highest level of irrigation (IW: CPE ratio 1.2) was 12,92 t/ha^-1. Among the sulphur treatments, the highest yield 11.69 t ha^-1 was obtained with 30 kg S ha^-1

Keywords: Irrigation, Sulphur, Onion, Yield

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Farm, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-12-2002

End Date: 00-03-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Irrigation scheduling, Onion, Fertilizer

Objectives:

To find out the optimum irrigation schedule for onion and to find out optimum rate of sulphur fertilizer for onion under different moisture regimes.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Farm, Gazipur in the Rabi season of 2002-2003 to find out the optimum dose of sulphur and irrigation water (lW) required for onion cultivation as well as appropriate ratio of irrigation water (lW): cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) as an effective criteria for scheduling of irrigation in onion. Soil of the experimental site was silty clay loam belonging to the Salna series of Shallow Red-Brown Terrace Soil. The area represents the agro ecological zone of Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28). The amount of rainfall recorded during the growing period (from 24 December, 2002 to 5 April, 2003) was 113.81 mm. As onion bears shallow root system, the characterization of the soil for some pertinent physico-chemical properties was kept limited within 15 cm depth. The soil having silty clay loam with bulk density 1.40 g/cc and particle density 2.62 g/cc. P^H of the experimental soil was 6.2. The initial soil contained 0.89 % organic carbon, 0.09% total N, 22 ppm P, 0.095 meq/100 g soil K and 16.212 μg/g S respectively. The experiment was laid in a split- plot design with three replications. Experimental variables consisted of four irrigation treatments arranged in main plots such as I₀ = No irrigation (control), I_I=Irrigation at IW/CPE ratio of 0.4, 1₂= Irrigation at IW/CPE ratio of 0.8 and 1₃= Irrigation at IW ICPE ratio of 1.2; and four sulphur doses in sub-plots S_o= No application of S (control), S_I = Application of S at the rate of 15 kg ha^-1, S₂ = Application of S at the rate of 30 kg ha^-1 and S₃ = Application of S at the rate of 45 kg ha^-1. Forty day old, healthy and uniform onion seedlings of cultivar Taherpuri were transplanted on 24 December 2002 maintaining row to row and plant to plant distances of 20 cm and 10 cm, respectively. The seedlings were watered immediately after transplanting. The dimension of each plot was 2.4 m X 2.0 m having plot to plot and block to block distances of 1.0 m and 1.5 m, respectively. Well decomposed cowdung @ 10 t ha^-1 was applied during final land preparation. The crop was fertilized with 120 kg N ha^-1, 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1, 90 kg K₂O ha^-1 and 5 kg Zn ha^-1. Urea, TSP, MP, and ZnO were used as a source of N, P, K and Zn, respectively. S was applied in the form of Gypsum. N was applied in three equal splits. Half of N and full amount of other fertilizers were applied 2 days prior to transplanting and were thoroughly mixed with the soil. The remaining half of N was applied in two equal splits at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DA T). Fixed amount of irrigation water (3 cm) to meet the fraction of cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) as per treatment was applied through calibrated hosepipe. Pan evaporation data were recorded every day and cumulative figures were calculated subtracting the rainfall. When the ratio between irrigation water (lW) and cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) attained the ratio prefixed for a particular treatment, it was considered as the time of its irrigation.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists, Vol: 4, (No-1&2), pp: 83-88, Dec 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The effect of sulphur on plant height and number of leaf/plant was not significant. Both irrigation and sulphur application significantly increased bulb diameter of onion, The highest yield under the highest level of irrigation (IW: CPE ratio 1.2) was 12.92 t/ha^-1. Among the sulphur treatments, the highest yield 11.69 t ha^-1 was obtained with 30 kg S ha^-1.

Knowledge Management: Journal