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Predicting Phosphorus Desorption from Acid Piedmont Rice Soils of Bangladesh

M. A. Islam
Adaptive Research Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Regional Station-Sonagazi, Feni, Bangladesh

M. A. Saleque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Regional Station, Rupatoli Housing, Barisal-8200, Bangladesh

A. J. M. S. Karim
Soil Science Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University. Salna, Gazipur 1706. Bangladesh

A. R. M. Solaiman
Soil Science Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University. Salna, Gazipur 1706. Bangladesh

A. B. S. Sarker
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research institute, Gazipur-1701. Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur during 2003 to determine phosphorus (P) desorption characteristics for 10 acid piedmont rice soils of Bangladesh. Soil samples were analyzed for sand, silt and clay, pH, organic carbon, available P, Mehlich-3 (M3) extractable P and dithionite extractable Fe (Fe_D). Desorption of phosphorus (release pattern) from different soils varied from 1.34 to 19.17 ppm. Phosphorus desorption was affected by the increased shaking time up to one hour. In almost all the studied soils, the highest desorbed P was extracted at one hour shaking time, beyond which there was again re-adsorption in most of the soils. Soil properties, particularly, pHKcl, ΔpH, organic carbon and clay content were found to be important soil variables in determining phosphorus desorption in piedmont soils. The increase in ΔpH and organic carbon increased P desorption, while an increase in clay and Fe tended to decrease in P desorption. Equations were proposed for predictinga, β and K of famous Sharpley's equation and were tested for better prediction of P desorption in Piedmont soils of Bangladesh. Sharpley's equations for Piedmont soils resulted in a strong relationship (R² = 0.86) between measured and predicted P desorption. The equations recommended by Sharpley to predict values for a, β and K has provided a good prediction of P desorption for our Piedmont rice soils.

Keywords: Phosphorus desorption, Piedmont soil, Prediction of P desorption, Sharpley's equation

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Soil fertility

Objectives:

To determine phosphorus (P) desorption characteristics for 10 acid piedmont rice soils of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A laboratory experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute during 2003 in which 10 soils from piedmont, 3 phosphorus amendments and 9 desorption times were compared in a factorial randomized complete block design with two replications. Ten soil samples used for this study were collected from cultivated rice fields after the harvest of wet season rice (Transplanted Aman) from Hobigonj and Moulvibazar districts of Bangladesh. In the FAO-UNESCO legend, these soils have been classified as Chromi-Dystric and Eutric, Gleysols. According to USDA Soil Taxonomy, these soils have been classified as Typic Haplaquepts and Aerie Haplaquepts. Specific locations and descriptions of the studied piedmont soil samples have been presented. These samples were collected from the surface horizon (A horizon or plow layer) of selected farmers' fields. Soil sand, silt and clay content, pH(H₂0) and pH_KCI. organic carbon, dithionite extractable Fe (Fe_D) and available P were determined by the standard methods. Initial soil properties are presented. Each of the ten composite soil samples was amended with 100 and 200 mg P kg-1 soil, another treatment was maintained as control. To prepare phosphorus treated samples, a portion of 50 g of each soil samples was taken in polythene bags. To the respective bags, KH₂P0₄@ 100 mg P kg^-1 and 200 mg P kg^-1 soil with 10 ml distilled water was added. In the control treatment, only 10 ml distilled water was added. After 24 hours, water formed a semi moist belt in the bag. The soil sample in the semi moist belt was mixed thoroughly with the remaining soils of the bag. To allow complete P adsorption, 72 hours were allowed for equilibration. All measurements of P were done in duplicate, and the data were analyzed by ANOVA using the statistical software IRRISTAT 4.1 (Windows version). Backward-stepwise regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the effect of soil properties o P-desorption.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists, Vol: 5, (No-1&2), pp: 50-60, Dec 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The desorption of P by Bray's extractant was observed to vary significantly (P = 0.000) in different studied soils. The highest P desorption was found in soil 7 and the lowest in soil 8. Soil properties, particularly, ΔpH, organic carbon and clay content were important soil variables in determining phosphorus desorption in piedmont soils. The increase in ΔpH and organic carbon increased P desorption, while an increase in clay and Fe tended to decrease in P desorption. New power functions for the parameters of famous Sharpley's equation have been proposed and were tested for better prediction of P desorption in Piedmont soils of Bangladesh.

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