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Determination of Carbofuran Residue in the Samples of Sugarcane (sacharum Officinarum L) and Soil of Sugarcane Field

K. H. Kabir
Pesticide Research and Environmental Toxicology Section, Entomology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. Abdullah
Entomology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. D. H. Prodhan
Pesticide Research and Environmental Toxicology Section, Entomology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. S. Ahmed
Pesticide Research and Environmental Toxicology Section, Entomology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. N. Alam
Entomology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at the Regional Sugarcane Research Station, Gazipur in which carbofuran (2 kg Al/ha) was applied in sugarcane field to document the level of carbofuran residue left in soil and plant samples after different days of application (DAA). Plant and soil samples were analyzed by using GCMS-EI. Carbofuran residues were found even at 90 DAA both in soil and plant. In case of soil, the amount of carbofuran residues were 24.84, 3.32, 2.12, 0.59, 0.035, 0.02 and 0.005 ppm at 0, 3, 7, IS, 30, 60 and 90 DAA, respectively. In case of plant samples, the lower residue (0.0035 ppm) was observed at 0 DAA compared to those at 3 DAA (0.075 ppm), 7 DAA (0.035 ppm) and IS DAA (0.0 I 5 ppm). At 60 and 90 DAA, residues were the same (0.002 ppm) while at 30 DAA it was 0.0025 ppm. The highest level of carbofuran residue (0.075 ppm) in plant samples was found at 3 DAA which is lower than FAO/WHO recommended MRL (0.1 mg/kg crop).

Keywords: Sugarcane, Carbofuran, MRL

Location: Regional Sugarcane Research Station (RSRS) of BSRI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-12-2006

End Date: 00-12-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sugarcane, Insecticide

Objectives:

1. To understand the persistent nature of carbofuran both in soil and sugarcane plant.

2. To determine plant uptake of the aged residues of carbofuran.

3. To assess the amount and degradation rate of residue of carbofuran in soil.

Methodology:

Carbofuran (Furadan 5G) was applied @ 2 kg/ha in a replicated field trial of sugarcane conducted at the Regional Sugarcane Research Station (RSRS) of BSRI, Gazipur during December 2006 to December 2007. The purity of Furadan 5G was tested at the pesticide analytical laboratory of BARI and was found to be 100% pure. Soil (500g) and sugarcane samples (500g) from replicated plots were collected at 0, 3, 7, 15,30,60 and 90 days after application (DAA). The standard of carbofuran was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Laborchemikalien, Gmbh P.O. Box-l 00262, D-30918, Seelze, Germany via Bangladesh Scientific Pvt. ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh. The purity of this standard was above 99.6 percent. The methodology prescribed by William and George with necessary modification was adopted for extraction, separation and clean-up of the sample. Field collected sugarcane and soil samples (≥250 g) were taken for extraction. Sugarcane sample was grounded thoroughly with the meat grinder (Handmixer M-122, Bamix, Switzerland) but for soil this was not needed. For both, a sub sample of 20 g was taken into a wide mouth jar. Then 100 ml of methanol was added to it. Sodium sulphate (Na₂SO₄) was also added with the sample until water was removed from the sample. The mixture was then macerated with high-speed homogenizer (Ultraturax, IKA T18 basic, Germany) for 2 minutes. The homogenized material was then poured into 250 ml conical flask and placed into shaker (Orbital Shaking Incubator, Rexmed, Sweden) for 2-3 hours continqous shaking. After shaking, the slurry was filtered through a Buchner funnel with suction. The flask and filter cakes were rinsed with 8-10 ml of methanol each. The filtrate was then transferred into 250 ml round bottom flask and was dried to 5-7 ml by evaporation using a rotary vacuum evaporator (Laborota-4001, Heidolph, Germany). The concentrated filtrate was then transferred into 500 ml separatory funnel making 10 ml volume with methanol. Around 20 ml hexane was added with 10 ml filtrate to the separatory funnel and was shaken vigorously for 3-5 minutes and elluted into vial after keeping undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. The ellute was then centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 5 minutes (Laboratory Centrifuges, Sigma-3K30, Germany). After centrifuge, the supernatant was collected for injection.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists, Vol: 5, (No-1&2), pp: 61-66, Dec 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Protocols for the determination of carbofuran residue from soil and plant samples have been developed. Carbofuran residues were found to be present in soil and plant sample up to 90 DAA. As higher amount of carbofuran residue remained in the soil up to 30 DAA, the future research should be conducted on its impact on soil microbes.

Knowledge Management: Journal