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Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Some Naturally Grown Weeds as Influenced by Arsenic Treatments

M. W. Zaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

N. Mitra
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

R. Sultana
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To develop a phytoremediation technology, a study was carried out in the net house of department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, with nine naturally grown weed species. The soil was collected from village Vavokhali, sadar union, Mymensingh having 2.56 mg/kg As initially. The experiment comprises.seven As doses viz 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg/kg arsenic added as NaAs0₂ (sodium arsenite) All the nine weed species were affected negatively for growth parameter with the increased As doses. In all cases the tallest plants were found in control treatment with 0 mg/kg arsenic and in some cases it was statistically significant with those in 10 mg/kg As treatment. The shortest plants were found at 100 mg/kg arsenic treated soil. Both number of leaves and biomass were decreased with increased As concentration. Arsenic showed positive relationship with phosphorus, sulfur and copper uptake by the weeds. Out of nine weed species water taro absorbed highest amount of phosphorus both in root and shoot and sulfur only in root at 100 mg/kg As treatment

Keywords: Arsenic, Phytoremediation, Hyperaccumulator, Biomass, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Copper

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2003

End Date: 01-11-2003

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

To observe the effect of As on growth of the weeds and to find out the interaction of As with other elements.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the net- house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, BAU, Mymensingh from July to November 2003. The soil was collected from village Vavokhali, sadar union, Mymensingh at 0-15 cm depth. After preparation of soil 5kg soil was taken in a series of plastic pots. This soil contained 2.56 mg/kg arsenic. The experiment was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. There were seven treatments with arsenic viz 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg kg^-1(soil basis) from NaAs0₂ (Na-arsenite). Urea, TSP, MOP and Gypsum were added at the rate of 135, 100, 70 and 60 kg/ha respectively to each pot. The weed seedlings were collected from Mymensingh district as to be non affected area. The weeds include barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli), yellow nut sedge(Cyperus rotundas), joina (Fimbristylis miliacea), Chesra (Scirpus juncoids), panilong (Luduwigia hyssopifolia) topapana (Pistia stratiotes), water taro (Monochoria hastata), water cress (Enhydra fluctuants), malancha (Alternanthera philoxeroides). The weed seedlings were transplanted in the experimental pots on 23rd September, 2003. Three seedlings were transplanted in each pot. Plant height (cm) was measured from the ground level to the top of the plants and no. of leaves for each plant was recorded at full maturity. The plants were harvested at 45 days of transplanting on 8th November, 2003. The post harvest soils were also collected from each pot to know the remaining As status in the soil. After proper washing the samples were air dried followed by oven drying at 60°C for 24 hours. The weeds were weighed separately for root and shoot. A representative sample of 0.5g for plant and 1 g for soil was taken into a clean dry 100 ml conical flask. Five mL of concentrated nitric acid were added to each flask and the flask were kept overnight covering with aluminum foil. The following day, the flasks were placed on a heating block and heated at a temperature of 120°C for two hours. Then the vessel were allowed to cool and 3ml of H₂0₂ was added and again heated until the volume was reduce to 3-4 m L. The digest were cooled and volumed and kept into plastic bottle for analysis. The phosphorus content of root and shoot for each weed was determined colorimetrically by stannous chloride method with the help of a spectrophotometer at 660nm wavelength (Jackson, 1962). The concentration of S0₄- S in shoot and root extract was determined turbidimetrically as described by page et al., 1982. From the plant extract, copper was directly analyzed by atomic absorption Spectrophotometer (Allen et al., 1974).

Source of Information: Bangladesh j. crop sci. 2006, 17 (1): 193-201

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be said that, although As has significant effect on the growth and uptake of the nutrient by the weeds, these weeds can be used for the remediation of As contaminated soils. Further study is suggested to develop proper disposal option of the weeds after the accumulation of arsenic.

Knowledge Management: Journal