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Acid Sulphate Soils of Bangladesh Their Characteristics and Landuse System

S. Rahman
Department of Soil Science University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

W. Islam
Department of Soil Science University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Z. Parveen
Department of Soil Science University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

About 71,000 hectares of acid sulphate soils have been recognized as problem soils in the coastal zone of Bangladesh. They have been grouped into actual potential and buried acid sulphate soils. The soils are very poor to poorly drained with colour ranging from dark grey to grey. The texture is silty clay loam to clay and the soil pH is less than 4. Potential acid sulphate soils have no jarostic minerals. On the other hand, the actual and buried acid sulphate soils have jarosite minerals within the profile at different depths. Most of the acid sulphate soils in Bangladesh are, at present, lying fallow except some being used for a single or double cropping of rice and production of shrimp and salt alternately depending on topography of the land, flooding, irrigation facilities, drainage, salinity, and acidity of the soils. Rice and shrimp yields are commonly as low as 0.5 to 0.75 t/ha and 0>5 to 1.0 t/ha respectively.

Keywords: Soil, Landuse, Sulphur

Location: Cox's Bazar and Sathkhira districs, Bangladesh trict.

Start Date: 00-00-1972

End Date: 00-00-1973

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

To study the morphological characteristics of the acid sulphate soils.
To identify their present land use system.

Methodology:

The present study was carried out in areas already indicated as having acid sulphate soils during the reconnaissance soil survey of 1972-73. Air photos of scale 1:50,000 of 1963 and 1968 and scale 1:30,000 of 1975 were used as base map during the field operation. The acid sulphate soil and the existing land use patterns in the area were identified and mapped on the aerial photographs. Information regarding present land use system and yield were obtained from local farmers and upazila personnels.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Soil Sci.21(1):53-60, 1990, ISSN 0253-5440

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Out of a total of 71,000 hectares the present investigation cover about 11,600 ha in Cox's Bazar district and 4,000 ha in Sathkhira district. The soils are very poor to poorly drained with colour ranging from dark grey to grey. The texture is silty clay loam to clay and the soil pH is less than 4. Potential acid sulphate soils have no jarostic minerals. On the other hand, the actual and buried acid sulphate soils have jarosite minerals within the profile at different depths. Most of the acid sulphate soils in Bangladesh are, at present, lying fallow except some being used for a single or double cropping of rice and production of shrimp and salt alternately depending on topography of the land, flooding, irrigation facilities, drainage, salinity, and acidity of the soils. Rice and shrimp yields are commonly as low as 0.5 to 0.75 t/ha and 0>5 to 1.0 t/ha respectively. These soils are moderately to strongly saline under field condition.The pH value of air dry soil ranges from 3.8 to 4.1. Land use of these soils are mangrove forest and a very few shrimp culture is found along the sea coast.

Knowledge Management: Journal