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Genetic Research in Wheat for Stress Tolerance: I. Characterisation of Germplasm Under Late Planting Non-irrigated Condition

M. A. Islam
Department of Genetics and Plane Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted under stress and non-stress environments at the Field Laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 1989-90. Observations were recorded from 33 genotypes. Stress environment (late planting non irrigated) caused reduction in number of grain bearing tillers, biomass and yield. It hastened maturity and increased pollen sterility. Most of the genotypes were medium late in maturity having medium number of grain bearing tillers and biomass production. Nineteen genotypes in stress and ten genotypes in non stress produced medium high yield. However, tolerance to stress condition as indicated by the expression of these characters varied with genotypes. Twenty eight out of 33 genotypes seemed to be resistant to Helminthasparium sativum under natural field infection in stress environment.

Keywords: Wheat, Stress, Pollen sterility. Characterisation.

Location: Field Laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1989

End Date: 00-00-1990

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

A study of characterization of wheat germplasm was undertaken to find out the gene sources for such stress tolerance.

Methodology:

In this experiment two trials were conducted during 1989-90. These were growing of 50 wheat germplasm under stress (late planting non irrigated) and non stress (optimum planting irrigated) environments separately in the same area of land with similar soil fertility. The sowing dates for stress and non stress environments were 14 December '89 and 22 November '89, respectively. Identical spacing and plot sizes were used for these trials. Recommended doses of fertilizers were applied. Both these trials were non replicated due to availability of small quantity of seeds. Heavily diseased and/or poorly adapted genotypes were not included for recording observations. Data on pollen sterility, number of grain bearing tillers, grain yield, biomass and maturity time were recorded from 33 genotypes. Scoring of disease infection on flag and the second leaf from the top caused by Helminthosporium sativum was done to rate the genotypes according to their level of tolerance. Vegetative growth rate index and yield response index were estimated as follows: Vegetative growth rate index= (Biomass-Grain yield)/(Days to anthesis). Yield response index = (Yield under stress)/(Yield under non stress) X 100

Source of Information: Proc. BAU Res. Prog. 5: 46-53, 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The wide range of grain yield response index (44.6-85.9%) indicated the variation in yielding ability of the genotypes under stress condition. Twenty one genotypes gave both higher grain yield response index and higher absolute yield than the best standard variety under stress. This result further indicated that there were some genotypes which were more tolerant to stress than the standard variety. In stress environment the symptom caused by Helminthosporium sativum on both flag leaf and the second leaf from the top of wheat plants indicated that 28 genotypes were resistant to this pathogen under natural field infection.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings