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Fertilizer Management in Hybrid Maize-bush Bean Intercropping Systems

M. Nurul Islam
Agronomy division, BARI, Gazipur

M. A K. Mian
RARS, Jessore

R. U. Choudhury
PGRC, BARI, Gazipur

M. S. Alom
RARS, Jessore

M. S. Aktar
PRSS, BARI. Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore during rabi seasons of 2001-2003 to determine optimum fertilizer dose for hybrid maize-bush bean intercropping system. Effects of four fertilizer levels (150-26-50-20, 200-34-66-30, 250-52-100-40 and 300-65-125- 50 kg NPKS ha^-1) were tested on two planting systems (maize normal row + 2 rows bush bean, and maize paired row + 4 rows bush bean) of hybrid maize-bush bean intercropping systems. In both the planting systems, the highest yield of maize (9.41 t ha^-1) was obtained with 300-65-125-50 kg NPKS ha^-1 while bush bean produced the highest green pod yield (8.57 t ha^-1) with 200-34-66-30 kg NPKS ha^-I. The highest maize equivalent yield (16.65 t ha^-I), gross return (Tk 116550 ha^-1) and gross margin (Tk 89126 ha^-1) were recorded from maize paired row + 4 rows bush bean with 250-52-100-40 kg NPKS ha but the highest marginal rate of return (429%) was achieved from maize paired row + 4 rows bush bean with 200-34-66-30 kg NPKS ha^-1(T₆). The treatment T₆ proved to be the most economically profitable for hybrid maize-bush bean intercropping system. The results also revealed that 50-18-34-10 kg NPKS ha^-1 of fertilizer could be saved by growing bush bean as intercrop with maize.

Keywords: Fertilizer, Management, Hybrid maize, Bush bean, Intercropping

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To determine the optimum fertilizer dose for maize-bush bean intercropping system in two planting systems having minimum crop competition.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore during rabi seasons of 2001-2002 and 2002-2003. The soil of experimental field was silty loam in texture with pH 7.3 belonging to Gopalpur series of High Ganges River Floodplain under AEZ II. The soil was characterized by Calcareous Brown Flood Plain soil having low organic matter (1.21 %) and deficient in total nitrogen (0.07%) and exchangeable potassium (0.15 meq 100^-1 g soil) but rich in available phosphorus (35 ppm) and available sulphur (20 ppm). The total rainfall during growing season was 101 mm in 2001-2002 and 207 mm in 2002-2003. Maximum and minimum air temperatures were 31.3° C and 18.0°C during 2001-2002, and 30.5°C and 17.2°C during 2002-2003, respectively. Planting systems were selected from the findings of Islam (2002) and fertilizer levels were designed based on recommended fertiIizer dose (250- 52-100-40 kg NPKS ha^-1) for hybrid maize. Eight treatment combinations evaluated were as follows: T_I = Maize normal row + 2 rows of bush bean + 150 -26-50-20 kg NPKS ha^-I T₂ = Maize normal row + 2 rows of bush bean + 200 -34-66-30 kg NPKS ha^-1 T₃ = Maize normal row + 2 rows of bush bean + 250-52-100-40 kg NPKS ha^-1 T₄ = Maize normal row + 2 rows of bush bean + 300-65-125-50 kg NPKS ha^-1 T₅, = Maize paired row + 4 rows of bush bean + 150-26-50-20 kg NPKS ha^-I T₆ = Maize paired row + 4 rows of bush bean + 200-34-66-30 kg NPKS ha^-I T₇ = Maize paired row + 4 rows of bush bean + 250-52-100-40 kg NPKS ha^-1 T₈ = Maize paired row + 4 rows of bush bean + 300-65-125-50 kg NPKS ha^-I The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4.0 x 4.5 m. A hybrid maize line Pacific 988 and a bush bean variety BARI Jhersheem I were used In this experiment. The full amount of PKS and 1/3 N were applied as basal in the form of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and urea, respectively. Seeds of both the crops were sown on 25 November in 2001 and 27 November in 2002. Maize planted at 75 x 25 cm spacing in normal row (5.33 plants m²) and at 37.5 cm-150 cm-37.5 cm x 25 cm in paired row system (5.33 plants m²). Two and 4 rows, bush bean was planted at 30 cm row spacing between maize normal row and paired row, respectively. A light irrigation was given after sowing for proper emergence of seedlings. The remaining N was top-dressed in two equal splits at 30 and 60 days after emergence (DAE) and as side dressed to maize rows following irrigation. The third irrigation was given at 90 DAE. Two hand weedings were done at 30 and 40 DAE to keep the crops weed free. Green pods of bush bean were harvested thrice at 57, 67 and 77 DAE and maize at 150 DAE at maturity. Data on yield parameters were recorded tram randomly selected ten plants for both the crops.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists, Vol: 3, (No-1&2), pp: 78-83, ISSN-1729-5211, Dec 2005

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Maize paired row (37.5 cm / 150 cm / 37.5 cm) + 4 rows of bush bean with 200-34-66-30 kg NPKS ha^-1 was found economically profitable. The farmers who are not interested to follow paired row system may go for maize normal row + 2 rows bush bean with same fertilizer dose to attain profitable yields. The results also revealed that 50-18-34-10 kg NPKS ha^-1 of fertilizer could be saved by growing bush bean as intercrop with maize. The results need to be verified in the farmers' fields.

Knowledge Management: Journal