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Ecological Aspects and Affectivity of Biodiversity Restoration of Baikka Beel, Moulovibazar

Shanur Jahedul Hasan
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur

Ashraful Alam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur

A.K.M Shafiqul Alam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur

Istiaque Haider
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur

Ehsanul Karim
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Cox's Bazar.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out to assess the ecological aspects of Baikka beel ecosystem in Moulavibazar district and the affectivity of the ongoing biodiversity restoration program. Seventy-four fish species belonging to 21 families and two species of prawn were identified during the study period. At the same time, 10 types of fishing gear were identified in six major groups. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of different gears varied between 1.5 and 14.0 kg/day. About 25 aquatic weeds were found in the Baikka beel of Hail haor, among them both emergent and spreading were 28% followed by floating 20%; 12% were rooted plants with floating leaves and 8% were submerged. The dissolved oxygen content 1.77-9.24 mg/l inside and 2.28-6.21mg/l outside the Baikka beel sanctuary were found to be congenial for aquatic life. pH of the beel water both inside and outside of the sanctuary were slightly acidic to moderately alkaline (6-7.5 inside and 6-7.25 outside the sanctuary). Lower values of alkalinity and hardness indicating beel water to be less nutrient enriched. The contribution of phytoplankton was (96%) than zooplankton. The diversity of phytoplankton both inside and outside of the sanctuary were dominated by three groups chlorophyceae>Myxophyceae> Bacillariophyceae.

Keywords: Ecological aspects, Biodiversity restoration, Baikka beel.

Location: Baikka Beel, Srimangal, Moulvibazar

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Non-commodity: Management

Objectives:

To achieve optimal fishing and adopt measures of biological management to maintain the productivity of the beel.

Methodology:

The study was carried out in the Baikka beel from July 2011 to June 2012.The research was based on both primary and secondary data, comprehensive literature review and extracts of local knowledge and information. Data collection was limited with the visiting schedule. Collection of primary data was made by field observation and different experimentation viz. experimental fishing within the beel ecosystem out side the sanctuary, survey of fish market adjacent to beel, survey of katha and kua fishing, monitoring of water quality, recording of water level and fishers perception as well. Secondary data wa s collected from fishers, lease holders, Beel Management Committee (BMC), Local administrations, Water development Board (WDB), Department of Fisheries, Meteorological Department and related NGOs. Hydrological, meteorological, physico-chemical and biological characteristics of beel ecosystem have been monitored monthly basis. In each sampling day water quality data was collected from both inside and outside of the beel sanctuary separately. A bamboo made meter scale measured water depth. A seechi-disc measured transparency. A centigrade thermometer measured temperature of air and water. Free CO₂ content was determined by phenolphthalein indicator method.Total alkalinity was estimated by using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicator method. Total hardness was determined by EDTA titrimetric method. HACH test kit (Model-FF-2, USA) was used to measure pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia and nitric acid only. For plankotonic study, water (50L) collected from euphotic zone of beel and passed through bolting silk plankton net of 55µ. The filtrates were immediately preserved in Luglo’s solution. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of both phytoplankton and zooplankton were done following drop count method. Microscopic identification was performed up to genera. Each sample was tired smoothly just before microscopic analysis. One ml of agitated sample was poured in a Sedgwick-Rafter (S-R) cell counter. A binocular microscope was used (10×0.25 magnification) for identification and enumerati on of samples. Qualitative studies were done according to Presscott. Identification of resident as well as migratory fishes were done through collection of different species directly from fisher’s catch, experimental fishing, fishing through enclosure bana, Kua fishing and surveying local fish markets. Monitoring of different types of fishing gears were done through in situ observation. Resident fish species was recorded through experimental fishing in the deep pool areas in the beel and men-made kuas where water remains during dry season (early January- mid April). Local know ledge as well as fisher’s perception has been considered for conceptual knowledge regarding the identification of resident fishes. Different types of of aquatic weeds (floating, spreading, emergent, rooted plants with floating leaves) were collected from the beels and identification was made in the laboratory.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SC IENTIFIC RESEARCH (IJBSSR), ISSN: 2309-7892, Page: 09-16, Volume 01, Issue 01, July-December 2013.

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/13010103

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In floodplain wetland, water quality is influenced largely by inflow of water from the connecting river, local catchment areas and by the metabolic processes of plants and animals living within the water body and the aquatic vegetation in particular. The turbidity in beel water was mainly due to silt and organic debris carried by the run-off water. The weed-choked beels have the lowest turbidity. The basin and aquatic soil can influence the value of pH. The variation in the concentration of DO and CO₂ were mainly due to the rate of photosynthetic activity by aquatic vegetation and variation in the organic matter contents in the basin soil. The DO levels of beel water were not fairly high but within the acceptable limit for the growth of fishes. An evaluation of hydrology and physic-chemical properties of water indicates that in spite of low values of hardness and alkalinity Baikka beel is found to be conducive to enhanced fisheries, capture fisheries and biological production as well.

Knowledge Management: Journal