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Binatil-1: a New Gamma Ray Induced Mutant Variety of Sesame (sesamum Indicum L.)

M. L. Das
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O.Box 4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. A. Malek
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O.Box 4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. A. Kashem
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O.Box 4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

A. A. Hassan
Agricultural Engineering Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O.Box 4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

A. J. Pathan
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O.Box 4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The yield potential of a new M, mutant SM7, derived from the treated population of gamma rays, was evaluated in multi-location and on-farm trials in the farmers' field at different agro-ecological zones of the country. The results showed that the mutant gave the highest seed yield in all the locations and years. Average seed yield of the mutant was found to be 1273 kg/ha while it was 892 kg and 829 kg/ha in S-30 (mother) and T- 6 (check), respectively. It resulted 56% and 43% yield increase over T-6 and S-30, respectively. The main characteristics of the mutant are uniculm plant type with long and narrow deep green leaves, and 3-5 large capsules/node. The mutant has also an attractive cream colour seed coat with higher oil content. It was also found that the mutant had tolerance to stem rot disease and waterlogging under field conditions. The yield trials made across the country have indicated that the selected mutant would be suitable for cultivation in the farmers' field of Bangladesh. Consequently, the National Seed Board of Bangladesh has approved this mutant as a new improved sesame variety, Binatil-l for countrywide cultivation in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., Binatil-1, Gamma rays, SM 7, Uniculm plant, Cream colour seed coat

Location: BINA sub stations' farms of Ishurdi, Rangpur and Comilla, and BARI farms at Dinajpur and Barisal

Start Date: 00-00-1997

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

The main objective of the program was to develop sesame variety having earliness, short stature, suitable plant type, heavy bearing and high seed and oil content.

Methodology:

The most promising M, mutant line SM 7 selected from gamma irradiated mutant populations derived from S-30 (mother) genotype was put under extensive on-station and on-farm trials in different agro-ecological zones of the country from 1996 to 2001. Yield trials were carried out at six locations during summer (February -June), 1996 and at three locations during kharif-II (September - December) in the same year. Recommended doses of fertilizers, NPK were applied at final land preparation. Urea was given in two splits. At maturity, data were taken from 10 randomly chosen plants of each plot on seed yield and various yield components. Oil content was determined in the laboratory by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectometre. Regional and zonal yield trials were carried out during 1997-2001 at different locations including BINA sub stations' farms of Ishurdi, Rangpur and Comilla, and BARI farms at Dinajpur and Barisal. All the trials were laid out in RCB design with 3-4 replications. Appropriate statistical analyses of the mean data for various characters were done for interpretation of results. On-farm trials were conducted in the farmers field at Comilla and Barisal having unit plot size of 5m x 5m during kharif-1 of 1999 under research management and farmers' management practices. The research management practices consisted of high fertil izer doses of NPK (80-60-40 kg/ha), one weeding after 25 days of sowing and one irrigation after weeding. Whereas the farmers' management practices consisted of lower doses of NP, no weeding and irrigation. Stem rot (Macrophonzina phaseolina) is the most serious disease of sesame in Bangladesh. Therefore, reaction of stem rot to new mutant (Binatil-l) and T -6 was assessed under field conditions. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications in three locations. No insecticide and fungicide were applied during the whole growing period in order to encourage uniform spread of insect vectors and diseases throughout the field. The incidence of stem rot was recorded 2-3 weeks before harvest. The level of tolerance of Binatil-1 to waterlogging was studied under artificially created waterlogging conditions in Iysimeter (fully controlled environment) and also under field conditions. Waterlogging was made for 48 hours at vegetative, flowering, pre-capsular and post capsular stages.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 17(2) : 51-56 ; 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The performance of Binatil-l was superior to the existing check variety.

Knowledge Management: Journal