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Residual Effect of Applied Phosphorus Fertilizers on Rice Production

A. L. Shah
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

J. C. Biswas
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

A. R. M. Solaiman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Seikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1703

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of rice cultivation with variable P-fertilizer management on soil P build up is important for understanding its extent to which residual P becomes available for use by the succeeding crops. A pot trial was conducted to quantify the residual value of Padded through triple super phosphate (TSP) and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) on rice production. The soil that received 45 kg P ha^-1 either from TSP or DAP in the immediate previous rice crop was supplemented with 25, 50 and 100% fresh Pat 45 kg ha^-1 and compared with control treatment. It was found that the growth of plants grown on residual-P was better compared to P control. Fifty percent fresh P application as TSP significantly increased panicle number over TSP 45 residual alone, whereas 100% fresh P application as DAP produced the highest number of panicles. The application of 50% fresh P dose to residual soil-P also increased 1000-grain weight along with decreased sterility compared to P control irrespective of P sources. Thus residual effects of added P at 45 kg ha! either from TSP or DAP significantly increased grain yields over P control treatment. The results suggests that a P-deficient soil having Olsen's P 5.2 mg kg^-1 needs second time P application by at least 50% of 45 kg P ha^-1. Under severe P- deficiency, it may require 100% fresh P application for maximum growth and yield of rice during wet season.

Keywords: Phosphorus deficient soil, P fertllizers, Residuel-P, Rice yield

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To quantify the residual value of P sources.
To determine the effect of P deficiency and influence of added TSP and DAP on grain yield and yield components of rice.

Methodology:

The trials were conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute , Gazipur during wet season (WS) of 2000. The treatments imposed were, P-control, DAP₄₅ residual, TPS₄₅ residual, DAP₄₅ + 25% fresh dose, TSP 45 + 25% fresh dose, DAP 45 + 50% fresh dose, TSP 45 + 50% fresh dose, DAP 45 + 100% fresh dose and TSP 45 + 100% fresh dose. Here, subscript with TSP and DAP indicates P dose in kg ha^-1. The treatments were assigned in a completely randomized design with four replications. Soils that received P at 45 kg ha^-1from triple super phosphate (TSP) and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and no P fertilizers during dry season were collected. Collected soils were air- dried, homogenized and then oven dried for using in the pots. Six kilograms (oven-dry basis) soil was placed in each pot. All the plots received 80 kg N ha! and 60 kg K ha^-1. Sixty percent N, all P and K were applied as basal from urea, TSP and muriate of potash (MP) before transplanting. The fertilizer was thoroughly mixed with soil by hand. The rest 40% urea was applied in two equal splits at 21 days after transplanting (DAT and 4-5 days before panicle initiation (DB PI). Thirty-day-old seedlings of BRRI dhan30 were transplanted at two seedlings per pot on 21 August 2000. Irrigation water was applied to keep 2-cm water depth till maturity. Pots were kept weeds free during the whole growing season. The crop was harvested at physiological maturity. Grain yield and yield components were recorded. Total P in straw and grain was determined after wet-digestion in di-acid mixture (HN0₃:H₂S0₄; 7 ml, 3 ml respectively) and then P was determined using Vanado molybdophosphoric acid yellow color (Yoshida et el., 1976). Collected data were subjected to statistical analysis and means were separated by least significant difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2004, 10(1 & 2): 79-84 ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growth of rice plants grown on residual P was better compared to P control treatment. In P-deficient plants, maturity was delayed by 8 days and they produced small panicles with some greenish grains. Residual P did not improve panicle number, but P supplemented with residual treatment significantly increased panicle m^-2over P control irrespective of P sources. Residual effects of added P at 45 kg ha^-1 either from TSP or DAP significantly increased grain yields over P control treatment. Application of 50% and 100% fresh P significantly increased P content in straw and grains over residual treatment irrespective of P sources.

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