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Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (arachis Hypogaea L) ..

M. S. Islam
Scientific Officer,
Oil seeds Breeding, R A R S, Jessore

M. G. Rasul
Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture Gazipur

A. Bhowmik
Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding Institute of Postgraduate Studies in Agriculture Gazipur

M. A. Akbar
Principal Scientific Officer
ORC, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic divergence among 90 genotypes of groundnut were estimated using D² and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into live clusters. The inter-cluster distance were larger than the intra-cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The intra-cluster value was maximum in cluster IV and minimum in cluster III. The inter-cluster average D² values indicated maximum distance between cluster III and IV followed by the distance between II and IV. Thus the genetically diverged genotypes could be used as parent in hybridization programme for getting desirable segregants. Cluster III showed the lowest mean values for days to first flowering. days to fifty percent flowering, days to maturity. primary branches per plant and highest shelling percentage. while cluster IV revealed the highest mean values for days to first flowering. days to fifty percent flowering. days to maturity and branches per plant. Gerrnplasm much in use of the above mentioned four characters both in cluster III and IV would offer a good scope of improvement of the crop through rational selection.

Keywords: Groundnut, Genetic divergence, segregants

Location: Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

The present study was therefore undertaken to analyze the genetic divergence of 90 groundnut genotypes collected from different countries of the world.

Methodology:

Ninety genotypes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were grown in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during winter 1994. The unit plot size was I x 0.8 m ² and the inter and intra row spacing were 30 cm d 5 cm, respectively. Fertilizers were used at the rate of 10:70:50:30:4 kg/ha of N,P,K,S and Z ,respectively. The other intercultural operations were done timely to raise the crop uniformly. Observations were recorded from 5 randomly selected plants of the middle row in each plot for days to first flower, days to maturity, plant height (cm), primary branches per plant (no.), developed pods per plant (no.), pod yield per plant (g), seed yield per plant (g), 100 seed weight (g) and shelling percentage. The data were subjected to Mahalanobi's D² analysis using GENSTAT 5 program of IBM computer

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. PI. Breed. Genet., 8(1 &2): 35-38, 1995

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The greater divergence among the genotypes in cluster III was might be due to days to flower, days to maturity, primary branches per plant and shelling percentages; in cluster IV due to days to flowering, days to maturity, primary branches per plant and in cluster V due to plant height, developed pods per plant and pod yield per plant. Such characters would offer a good scope for improvement of groundnut through rational selection.

Knowledge Management: Journal