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Pedochemistry of Four Soil Series Developed on Terrace Materials of BRRI Farm at Gazipur

M. S. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. J. Uddin
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. A. Mazid Miah
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A. L. Shah
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. Ishaque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pedochemistry of four soil pedons of Joydebpur BRRI farm belonged to Bhatpara, Chhiata, Naga and Genda series were studied. The total area of BRRI farm is about 62 ha. The Bhatpara and Chhiata in the upper position of terraces and the Genda and Nag a are in the valleys. The pH values of Chhiata and Bhatpara pedons were similar. Higher clay accumulation was observed in Chhiata and Bhatpara pedons and lower in Genda and Nag a pedons. The silica and the other oxide contents followed are gular order of Si0₂ < Al₂0₃ < Fe₂0₃. The contents of total weatherable minerals followed the order of Al₂0₃ < Fe₂0₃ < CaO < MgO < K₂0 < K₂0₅. The iron and clay contents in different horizons within the same pedons differed due to local hydrological conditions.

Keywords: Soil, Soil series, Chemical properties, Genesis of the soils.

Location: Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

To furnish basic data on chemical properties and genesis of the soils.

Methodology:

During the survey, four soil profiles belonging to Chhiata, Bhatpara, Genda and Naga series were opened up and studied in the field. Chhiata series comprises seasonally or intermittently flooded, poorly drained soils, almost level and upland sites of Madhupur tract. It differs from the other pedons of the farm in its higher topographical positions. Bhatpara series comprises imperfectly drained shallow, brown soils over little weathered Madhupur clay occupying gently undulating to gently rolling topography with buried soils in some locations of the farm. Genda series comprises seasonally flooded with poorly drained conditions. It occurs in the very gently sloping valley bottom of the farm areas. Naga series occurring in valley bottom comprises seasonally flooded, poorly drained soils developed in fine textured alluvium. Soil samples were collected on horizon basis. Initially, aerial photos with the scale of 1:50,000 were used. Topographical maps and other maps were also studied and used as references. Field works were started with the help of reconnaissance soil survey report for the area. Soil pedons were described and characterized with the use of soil auger. Soil pedons were described following the FAO guidelines. Soil samples were collected from each horizon of the soil profiles for laboratory analysis. The particle size analysis of the soil was carried out by combination of sieving and hydrometer methods (Day 1965). Textural classes of the soils were determined by Marshall's triangular coordinate diagram as described by Soil Survey Staff (1993). Total elemental composition of the inorganic components of soil was determined by fusion method. Extractable Fe and Mn in soils were extracted by sodium dithionite-citrate buffered with sodium bicarbonate following the method of Mehra and jackson (1960).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Soil Sci . 30( 1-2): 19-24, 2004, ISSN 2053-5440

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the studied soils dithionite Fe content ranged from 0.70 to 1.30 percent with an average of 0.94%. The soils of the valley areas contained slightly higher Fe than those of the terraces. The average values of Fe_d/Mn_d, Fe_d/ clay X100 and Fe_d/Fe₁X100 ratios were 50.4, 3.4 and 13.9, respectively. These were the indications of clay migration in the lower horizons of the soils following subsequent ferroelectric process. The silica sesquioxide ratio varied from 6.56 to 9.73. Weathering intensity was higher in silica dominant soil. The anthraquic epipedon is the surface soil layer altered by ploughing soil used for wetland crops especially rice. The BRRI farm soils behaves as an anthraquic epipedon formed under an artificial man induced irrigated rice practice for a long time. The surface horizontal properties of these soils might be different from the soils that formed under naturally flooded conditions. The pH values of Chhiata and Bhatpara pedons were similar. Higher clay accumulation was observed in Chhiata and Bhatpara pedons and lower in Genda and Nag a pedons. The silica and the other oxide contents followed a regular order of Si0₂ < Al₂0₃ < Fe₂0₃. The contents of total weatherable minerals followed the order of Al₂0₃ < Fe₂0₃ < CaO < MgO < K₂0₅. The iron and clay contents in different horizons within the same pedons differed due to local hydrological conditions.

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