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Study of Surface Drainage Effects on Soil Moisture Distribution and Growfh and Yield of Summer Grown Groundnut Using Nuclear Technique

A. A. Hassan
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture Mymenlingh.

M. A. Hamid
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture Mymenlingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Investigations were conducted to study the effect of surface drainage on moisture distribution in soil and growth and yield of groundnut grown during the summer season. Groundnut (variety Dhaka-1) was grown in a sandy loam soil (old Brahmaputra Flood Plain) of the experimental farm of BINA, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The, soil moisture distribution was monitored by using neutron moisture meter and tensiorneters under different field. drainage conditions. Raised combination drainage system improved internal drainage as evident from water content and hydraulic head prefiles. An increase in yield of 31.5 percent was obtained where crop bed was raised 15 cm height ( i, e. 15 cm ridge) compared to natural flat bed. Improved drainage practice showed favourable response on yield attributing characters like plant height, matured pod number, seed weight, etc. Land having no drainage facilities reduced pod formation and resulted in poor quality of seed. The results demonstrated that groundnut yield and pod quality can be improved in medium or highland having surface drainage Facilities.

Keywords: Surface drainage, Soil moisture, Summer groundnut, Nuclear technique

Location: BINA, Myrnensingh

Start Date: 12-08-1982

End Date: 09-12-1982

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Drainage

Objectives:

1. To find out the effect of drainage on soil moisture status and its subsequent effect on yield and yield attributing characters of groundnut.

Methodology:

The study was conducted on a sandy loam soil in BINA, Myrnensingh, The land was fallow for last three years. There was no restricting layer down to 180 cm depth at the commencement of the experiment. Climatological data of the studied area for 1982 during grounclnut growing season. Generally rainfall exceeds that of pan evaporation except from January - March and November - December i. e. the winter months. For groundnut cultivation the rest of the year needs drainage facilities. A triplicated experiment with randomised block design was laid out with four surface drainage treatments viz. (i) flat bed i. e. as natural condition, (ii) 15 cm deep drains between rows, (iii) 15 cm raised bed and (iv) 15 cm deep drain with 15 cm raised bed. Groundnut (Dhaka - 1) was sown in rows 10 cm apart. Fertilizers added included 20 kg/ha N as urea, 60 kg/ha P₂O₅ as super-phosphate and 45 kg/ha K₂O as muriate of potash. Allumiuium access tubes were installed in different plots to monitor soil moisture distribution. Tensiometers were also installed. at 15,20, 25, 30 cm depth to measure the soil-water potential. Infiltration rate of the soil was measured by pending method. A pit was made near the experimental field to check the fluctuation of water table depth during the experiment. Data on groundwater table measured during crop growth period indicated not much significant fluctuation. Such water table depth helped in removing excess surface water to save the crop from water logged or/and excess water condition. Data were collected on yield and yield attributing characters like total pod weight, plant weight, total pod no. 100 seed wt and plant height etc. under different drainage treatments,

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric 1( 1 ) : 32-42, 1985.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Improved drainage practice showed favourable response on yield attributing characters like plant height, matured pod number, seed weight, etc. Land having no drainage facilities reduced pod formation and resulted in poor quality of seed. The results demonstrated that groundnut yield and pod quality can be improved in medium or highland having surface drainage Facilities.

Knowledge Management: Journal