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In Vitro Control of Fusarium Solani and F. Oxysporum the Causative Agent of Brinjal Wilt

M. A. BASHAR
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

MINA CHAKMA
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seven soil fungi viz. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Penicillium sp., Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride associated with the rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere and rhizoplane of brinjal plants were selected to observe their antagonistic potential against the test fungi Fusarium oxysporum and F . solani . Out of seven soil fungi T. harzianum was found most effective to control the growth of both the test fungi. Plant parts extract of Allium sativum, Asparagus racemosus, Azadirachta indica, Cassia alata, Ocimum sanctum, Zingiber officinale and Datura mete/ were evaluated for their in vitro efficacy at 5, 10 and 20% concentration against the test fungi. Datura metel, and C. alata and A. indica was found most efficient inhibitor of F. solani and F. oxysporum, respectively. Five fungicides viz., agridazim 50 wp, cozeb 80 wp, newban 50 wp, sunvit 50 wp and vitavax 200 B were evaluated for their in vitro efficacy at 500 ppm concentration against F. solani and F . oxysporum. Vitavax 200B was found most efficient inhibitor of both the test fungi.

Keywords: Antagonist, Trichoderma, Aspergill us, Penicillium, Brinjal, Fungicides

Location: Field of BADC in Gazipur

Start Date: 00-12-2011

End Date: 00-08-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

With a view to in vitro controlling of Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum, the natural enemies of brinjal.

Methodology:

A total of 21 soil fungi were isolated from the rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere and rhizoplane of healthy and wilted brinjal plants following tissue planting and serial dilution plate method from the selected cultivar during December 2011 to August 2012 directly from the field of BADC in Gazipur. Seven soil fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Penicillium sp., Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride. were selected as the antagonists on the basis of their growth rate. Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani was selected as the test fungi. The antagonistic behavior of the selected antagonists against the test fungi was determined by colony interaction, volatile and non-volatile metabolites. The antagonistic action of the selected fungi against the test fungi were performed by dual culture technique as described by Bashar and Rai. Assessment of colony interaction between the test fungi and soil fungi were done in terms of grades which were determined following the model of Skidmore and Dickinson. The parameters used for the assessment of colony interaction were the width of inhibition zone, intermingled zone and per cent inhibition of radial growth. The effect of volatile and non-volatile substances of the soil fungi on the growth of the test fungi were performed following the methods described by Bashar and Rai. Leaves of Azadirachta indicia A Juss., Ocimum sanctum L, Datura metel L,, Cassia alata L., roots of Asparagus racemosus L., bulbs of Allium sativum L. and tubers of Zingiber officinale Rose were selected for screening of antifungal activity against the test fungi. The toxicity of the crude plant extract was determined against the test fungi following poisoned food technique. The per cent inhibition of mycelial growth over control was calculated using the formula described by Bashar. In vitro fungitoxicity of five fungicides viz., agridazim 50 wp, cozeb 80 wp, newban 72 wp, sunvit (copper oxychloride) and vitavax 200 B (carboxin, 37.5%, thiram, 62.5%) were tested against the test fungi at 500 ppm concentration following poisoned food technique.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(1): 53-60, 2014 (January)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Present study revealed that Trichoderma spp., Datura metel, Cassia alata and Vitavax can effectively control the growth of Fusarium spp. the natural enemies of brinjal plant.

Knowledge Management: Journal