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Impact of Climate Change of the Coastal Ecosystem in Bangladesh.

Dr.A.S.M. Helal Siddiqui
Research Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Climate change and forest degradation are the common phenomena for the real cause of the natural disaster. Forest plays an important role to conserve the coastal ecosystem in Bangladesh. It reduces disaster and other calamities. We are facing different natural disaster and calamities due to degraded the forest and illicit cuttings of the trees. Climatic hazards, including extremes like floods, cyclones, tornado, tsunami, Ayla, Lyla, storm surge, water logging, tidal bore, etc are not new to Bangladesh and the country has a scarred history claiming many lives and resulting in losses of assets in the Sundarbans and the coastal region of Bangladesh. Forest and forestry sectors are only the natural peace conserving source of the earth. Revival of forest and forestry can also reduce the disaster. The most likely cause of warmer atmosphere is increased concentrations of green house gases in the atmosphere. Climate change in general and its consequences are among the pressing issues in future. About 20-30 million people live in the coastal areas within i meter elevation from the high tide level and these people are in the frontline of the consequences. The consequences of rising sea levels and extreme temperatures are becoming increasingly real and immediate in their everyday lives. Food, health, fiber, biodiversity, water resources, coastal ecosystems and settlements have been ranked to highly vulnerable while human health as moderately vulnerable to climate change. The developing countries are causing global warming condition. A total of 3, 63,346 dwelling were completely destroyed while 8, 15,628 partially damaged. Crop lands of 4, 61,399 acres were complete damaged and 12, 25,304 acres of standing crops partially damaged during 15 November, 2007 by the Sidr. Human and livestock casualties were 3347and 4, 61,750 respectively. About 830,000 million hectares of arable land is affected by varying degrees of soil salinity. Climate refugees have been created and many people replaced their indigenous habitat and profession. Many people became homeless. Like human beings wild animals also try to replace their habitat. Over 1.6 billion people’s lively hood depends on forest and 30% of forest are used for production of wood and non-wood products. The appropriate plantation projects and studies have been taken in consideration on conservation of coastal ecosystem, wild lives, protection of soil erosion, controlling of the desertification, reducing carbon emission, employment, poverty alleviation, and improvement of socio-economic condition for sustainable development and to mitigate the challenges. Thus it will be automatically revival of the forest and reduce the disaster and other natural calamities from the coastal regions of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Bangladesh, Climate change, Coastal ecosystem, Conservation, Disaster.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

To know the Impact of Climate Change of the Coastal Ecosystem in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

In this paper it is high lighted the role of the forest, Scenarios of disaster with damage, impact of global warming and biodiversity losses in Bangladesh by reviewing literature and internet.The impacts of global warming and climate change are worldwide. For Bangladesh they are most critical as large part of the population is chronically exposed and vulnerable to a range of catastrophe, disaster natural hazards. Already, the human suffering and cost to development is massive to the country and its people who are victims of human induced global warming by the developed countries. Global warming and climate change have become a serious threat to the survival of biological organisms and the well being of people around the world. Global warming and climate change are the principal scenarios of long term effect of the natural disaster. Climatic hazards, including extremes like floods, cyclones, tornado, tsunami, Ayla, Lyla, storm surge, water logging, tidal bore, etc are not new to Bangladesh and the country has a scarred history claiming many lives and resulting in losses of assets in the Sundarbans and the coastal region of Bangladesh.Revival of forest and forestry can also reduce the disaster. Forest and forestry sectors are only the natural peace conserving source of the earth.

Source of Information: International Journal of Research and Innovations in Earth Science, Volume 1, Issue 2, ISSN (Online): 2394-1375.64-72pp.2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Climate change in general and its consequences are among the pressing issues in future. This is important of nature protection and the conservation of biodiversity due to the degradation of forest. This requires appropriate nursery techniques initiation that ensures highest survival of seedlings with minimum cost. If a plantation is successful and productive it may represent an economic and improve the entire coastal ecosystems. Climate change, sea level rising, human induced activities, fossil fuel emission, industrial pollution, soil and water pollution etc. can be reduced for ecological balance by artificial planting, natural forest conservation and management plan development. The best option to maintain sustainable productivity of the forest is to rehabilitate the degraded and poorly regenerated forest and to increase decreasing tendency of the acute endangered species through appropriate silvicultural intervention. The information and knowledge should be clear before planting the species that is when, how, where which species are to be planted. The Bangladesh Forest Research Institute (BFRI) generated technologies be applied to plant or to select the species properly. Those are interacting with conservation of natural resources and threatening the existence of the biodiversity. The professional research personnel, policy maker, planners and environmentalist should take initiatives to conserve the forest ecosystems to prevent, mitigate and revival of its biodiversity. The appropriate plantation projects and studies have been taken in consideration on conservation of coastal ecosystem, wild lives, protection of soil erosion, controlling of the desertification, reducing carbon emission, employment, poverty alleviation, and improvement of socio-economic condition for sustainable development and to mitigate the challenges. Thus it will be automatically revival of the forest and reduce the disaster and other natural calamities from the coastal regions of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal