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Comparision of Infiltration Measurement Techniques in Border Irrigation

Md. Nuzrul Islam
Department of Irrigation & Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, MYl11ensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A . A. Hassan
Agricultural Engineering Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Kajal Kumar Dey
Post Graduate StudentDepartment of Irrigation & Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, MYl11ensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Volume balance and cylinder infiltrometer method of infiltration measurements were carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University farms to determine the infiltration characteristics in Border irrigation for better irrigation management. First, second and third irrigation trials were conducted in non-vegetative border and fourth trial was, conducted in vegetative border (Maize crop). The rate of application of water in first, second, third and fourth trial were 12.42, 2.21, 5.19 and 5.19 ls ^-1, respectively. A general equation of infiltration rate was developed for the study area and comparison was made between Volume balance method and Cylinder infiltrometer method. It was observed that for all the trials cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate by Volume balance method was higher than that of cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate by Cylinder infiltrometer method. It was also observed that the values of infiltration characteristic constants a and b by Volume balance method were higher than those of the values of a and b by Cylinder infiltrometer method.

Keywords: Infiltration, Infiltrometers,Border irrigation.

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University farms

Start Date: 00-01-1995

End Date: 00-12-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

1. To determine the infiltration characteristics in Border irrigation for better irrigation management.

Methodology:

Border width of each plot was 8 m and border length was 40 m. Two border-strips were prepared keeping 1 m gap between the adjacent levees. Levees were roughly 30 cm wide and 20 cm high. The slope of the experimental plots and elevation at different points were determined by dumpy level. To avoid outward seepage polythene sheets were vertically placed at 20 cm depth below the surface along the side of the levees of the two plots. The bed of the earthen canal from cutthroat flume to the delivery point at the head-end of the plots was completely covered with a piece of polythene sheet ensuring no loss of water in between. Maize crop was used as a vegetative cover. Line to line distance of maize crop was 30 em and plant to plant distance was about 15 cm. During water supply to the plots three openings were made for each plot at the upstream side. The openings were 2 m apart with a dimension of 10cm X 10cm. Infiltration was measured using cylinder infiltrometer method and volume balance method. In cylinder infiltrometer method, the cylinders were 25 cm deep and were made from 2 mm thick steel. Diameter of the inner and outer cylinder were 30 cm and 60 cm, respectively. Before each irrigation trial, infil- tration behavior of the soil was studied at two places, one at approximately middle point of the upper half and the other at the middle point of lower half of the plots. The infiltration characteristic for the whole irrigated area was obtained by averaging the two mathematically fitted curve for a particular trial. The volume balance method infiltration was measure4.per unit width of border at every instant of time. Different advance time, advance length and average depth of flow are needed to measure infiltration in this method. For measuring depth of flow on the border length, meter scales were used. The least count of meter scale was 0.1 cm. These meter scales were tied with bamboo sticks in such a way that zero marking of the scale was levelled with the field surface. The depth of flow was measured at three points (2 m apart) across the border by meter scales after every 5 m interval from the upstream end of the border. In this method infiltration was measured by subtracting volume of water applied to the volume of water stored at different times for different lengths of the border.

Source of Information: Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42 (1): 34-38; 1999

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The values of infiltration characteristic constants a and b by volume balance method were higher than those of the values of a and b by cylinder infiltrometer method. The average values of a and b by cylinder infiltrometer method were 0.364 and 0.453, respectively and for the volume balance method these values were 0.435 and 0.55, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal