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Study of Floral Biology in Mandarin

M. A. H. Talukder
Senior Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The floral biology of mandarin was studied at the Citrus Research Station, Jaintiapur, Sylhet, during February 2009 to November 2009. Plants of the BARI Komala-1 (Khasi type) and CR-Syl 016 (Nagpuri type) were selected for this study. White, pentamerous, hermaphrodite flower of mandarin was borne singly in the leaf axils in the shoots of previous season. Average number of stamens in the flowers varied from 19.6 to 21.0. Floral bud developments from initiation to anthesis were divided into 8 distinct stages. Nagpuri mandarin took more time (24.1 days) than Khasi mandarin (23.4 days) to reach the full development stage. About 65% flowers opened within 3:00 to 5:00 hrs. Highest amount of pollen grains germinated (79.2% and 76.0%) when pollens were collected at anthesis in Khasi and Nagpuri type, respectively. Percent pollen germination was gradually reduced after 4 hrs of anthesis it was found 27.1% and after 6 hrs anthesis it was attained only 10.5%. Stigma receptivity started 24 hrs before anthesis and continued up to 60 hrs after anthesis incase of Khasi; and 48 hrs after anthesis incase of Nagpuri. Self-incompatibility present in mandarin. Khasi and Nagpuri mandarin are cross compatible.

Keywords: Floral biology, Mandarin, Pollen viability, Stigma receptivity,

Location: Citrus Research Station, Jaintiapur, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-02-2009

End Date: 00-11-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Orange

Objectives:

To know the morphological characters of mandarin flower
To determine the pollen viability, time and duration of stigma receptivity
To find out the time of anthesis and suitable time for pollination, and
To assess the cross compatibility in mandarin

Methodology:

The floral biology of mandarin was studied at the Citrus Research Station, Jaintiapur, Sylhet, during February 2009 to November 2009. Plants of the BARI Komala-1 (Khasi type) and CR-Syl 016 (Nagpuri type) were selected to study the different aspects of floral biology. Saplings of the genotypes were planted at Citrus Research Station, Jaintiapur since June 1999. Date of flower initiation, flowering completion, arrangement and type of flower, time of anthesis and dehiscence of anthers in flower, average pollen viability, in-vitro germination of pollen grains, and receptivity of stigma and pollen tube growth behaviour of studied mandarin genotypes were observed.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2011-12. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 22000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 22000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Maximum (65 %) flowers opened between 3:00 and 5:00 hrs
Stigma becomes receptive approximately 24 hrs before anthesis and continued up to 48 to 60 hrs after anthesis
In agar-sugar media, maximum pollen germination occurred at the time of anthesis (76.0 to 79.2 %)
Cross pollination increases fruit set.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings