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Evaluation of Upland and Lowland Soil Seed Bank at Three Selected Temperature Regimes

B.L. Nag
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1703

A. Hashem
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1703

A. Hamid
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1703

M.A.M. Talukder
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur 1703

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Richness of upland and lowland soil seed bank at three soil depths and evaluated under three temperature regimes (30/29°C. 32/23°C and 23/12°C) during March to December 1992. Upland soil contained 329 seeds as compared to 18 seeds per 1000 g soil in lowland soil. The weed density at 30/23°C in upland was 18 times greater than lowland. The mean number of seedling emerged at 32/23°C and 23/12°C were. respectively 37% and 35% less than that at 30/29°C. The richness of soil seed bank decreased with increases the soil depth The period required for emergence of all seedlings was longer in upland soil than in lowland soil. Spread of emergence increased with decrease in temperature regimes. Fifteen species were identified from both upland and lowland soil. Echinochloa colonum (19 76%) was the most dominant species in upland soils and Enhydra fluctuans (23.40%) in lowland soils. The diversity of weed species was higher in upland than lowland. However. diversity decreased with increases in depth in lowland but it decreased with increases in depth of lowland.

Keywords: Upland, Lowland, Temperature regimes, Weeds

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-03-1992

End Date: 00-12-1992

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Biological weed management

Objectives:

To determine richness and diversity of soil seed bank in upland and lowland soil by germinating seeds at various temperature regimes
To identify the potentially active weed species.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted from March 1992 to December 1992 in randomized complete block design. Soil samples were collected from two sites of Bangladesh- upland (23.5⁰ N latitude and 90.0° E longitude) and lowland (24.0⁰ N latitude and 89.35° E longitude) both under rained condition. The upland site (Joydebpur) is usually sown to rice broadcast during early summer. followed by transplanted rice during summer season. The lowland site (Manikganj) is usually sown to deepwater broadcast rice (Deepwater aman) during summer season. followed by onion during the winter season. The treatments comprised of two locations and three soil depths The soil samples were collected from three farmers plots selected randomly at each site on March 22, 1992 when winter crop was harvested. At each farmers plot, five locations were selected randomly From each location soil samples were collected from a 20 x 20 cm quadrate. The soil surface was cleaned by removing the grasses and stables, the soil samples wee collected from five locations at three soil depths, viz., 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm. Such samples were taken from three farmers plots. Thus, a total number of 45 samples were collected from each site. Finally, the samples were labeled properly and carried to laboratory. The collected soils were sun-dried and broken into small particles. The soils were again cleaned by removing the rhizomes, roots, stem parts and stables. The germination test of weed seed present in the different depths of the soil of each farmers plot was performed in petridish. A total of 90 petridishes were marked according to site, plot and depth. A blotting paper soaked with water was placed in each petridish and 100g soil was taken homogeneously on the papers. The soil in the petridishes were kept at the alternating temperature regimes of 30/29°C (12/12 hours), 32/23°C (9/15 hours) and 23/12°C (13/11 hours). The 30/29°C temperature regimes were chosen to simulate the ambient condition during the late summer. This temperature was maintained at room temperature. The 32/23°C and 23/12°C were maintained in growth chamber to simulate the early summer and winter condition, respectively. Seedling emergence was recorded from two days after inducing the soil for emergence (DAE) op to 13 DAE. At 15 DAE, weed seedlings were transplanted in seedbeds prepared in a wooden box. The wooden box was filled with 66% clay loam and 34% cattle compost. The data on emergence per 100 g soil were transformed to number of seedling per 1000 g soil. Analysis of variance was performed on some data. Means were compared by least Significant difference (LSD).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 1997, 7(1 & 2) 7-13,ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The weed density at 30/23°C in upland was 18 times greater than lowland. The mean number of seedling emerged at 32/23°C and 23/12°C were, respectively 37% and 35% less than that at 30/29°C. The richness of soil seed bank decreased with increases the soil depth The period required for emergence of all seedlings was longer in upland soil than in lowland soil. Spread of emergence increased with decrease in temperature regimes. Fifteen species were identified from both upland and lowland soil. Echinochloa colonum (19 76%) was the most dominant species in upland soils and Enhydra fluctuans (23.40%) in lowland soils. The diversity of weed species was higher in upland than lowland. However. diversity decreased with increases in depth in lowland but it decreased with increases in depth of lowland.

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