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Insect Pests of Sesame (sesamum Indicu M L.), Their Nature of Damage and Succession with the Crop Stages

G. C. BISWAS
Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

G .P. DAS
Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

S. M. H. KABIR
Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Thirty one species of insects and one species of mite pests were found to in fest the different growth stages of sesame plants at Gazipur, Bangladesh during to June, I998 and 1999. Among the recorded pest species, the til hawk moth ( Acherontia styx Westwood) , jute hairy caterpillar ( Spilarctia obliqua (Walker.), mirid bug ( Cyrtopeltis tenuis (Reuter)) and til leaf and pod caterpillar ( Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel)) were considered as the major pests. while the rests were of minor importance on the basis of their population density per plant, nature and extent of damage and yield reduction. Most of the major and minor insects infested during vegetative to maturity stages (40 - 85 clays after sowing (DAS)) of the crop in both the years. The maximum insect population and their infestation occurred during pod filling stage (55-65 DAS) of the crop i n both the study years.

Keywords: Insect pests, succession, Sesamum, Nature of Damage

Location: Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-01-1998

End Date: 31-12-1999

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to determine the insect pest complex of sesame, status of the pests, the nature of damages and the time of appearance of the pests in relation to the phenology of the crop.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted in the field and laboratory of the Oilseed Research Centre (ORC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur and the Department of Zoology, Dhaka University, during January 1998 to December 1999. The sesame variety T-6 was used for this study. The experimental plots measured 4 m x 3 m . The seeds of sesame were sown in the plot on 10th March each year in 1998 and 1999. There were four replications and the plots were selected following a Randomized Complete Block Design. Some insects were sent to the International Institute of Entomology, London for confirmation of the identification. The insects were graded as major and minor pests on the basis of their population density per plant, nature and extent of damage of the crop and the yield reductions. The time of severity of attack was noted on the basis of degree of infestation as observed in each week. The insect pests were also grouped as root feeders, stern feeders, leaf feeders, leaf roller, sap sucker and borer on the basis of their feeding behaviour.

Source of Information: J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci., 33( 1 ): 1 -10, June 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The succession of appearances of the insect pests on sesame showed that the population of different pest species occurred in an overlapping manner and the crop was under the continuous attack of one or more pests. Most of the major and minor pests appeared in the crop during vegetative to flowering stages (30 - 45 DAS) and the maximum infestation occurred during pod formation and pod filling stages (50 - 70 DAS) of the crop in both the years. Comparatively higher population density was observed in 1999 compared to 1998 which may be due to the differences in the environmental conditions and other biotic agents in the said years. Although most of the insects recorded from sesame during the study period have been considered as minor, it is not unlikely that any one of the minor insects may attain the status of a major pest depending upon the environmental conditions and changing cropping pattern.

Knowledge Management: Journal