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Grain and Fodder Yield Response of Cowpea to Plant Density and Time of Harvest

R.R. Saha
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

J.U. Ahmed
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1703

M.S. Rahman
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

Abdul Ahad Miah
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station. Hathazari. Chittagong during 1993-94 and 1994-95 growing seasons to evaluate the effect of population density on growth. nodulation. grain and fodder yields of two cowpea genotypes. Higher density reduced the nodule dry weight per plant in both the growing seasons. Harvesting of alternate row as fodder from double population (20 cm row distance) within 40 DAE favored plant growth in both the genotypes. Fodder yield increased significantly with delay 111 harvest time and the genotypic difference was not significant. Averaged over two years data, higher seed yield increased 4% and 6% in HAF 43 and HAF 18, respectively at closer spacing (20 cm between rows) than normal population (40 cm row spacing) giving additional fodder yield through harvesting of extra cowpea rows at 40 DAE. The maximum net monetary benefit (Tk. 17.940 ha^-1) was obtained from genotype HAF 43 with grain + 40 day fodder harvesting. This was closely followed by HAF 18 at double double population density (20 cm row distance).

Keywords: Grain, Fodder yield, Cowpea, Plant density

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station. Hathazari,Chittagong.

Start Date: 00-00-1994

End Date: 00-00-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Cowpea

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of plant population density and planting arrangement on the growth and production of seeds and fodder in cowpea.

Methodology:

A field experiment was carried out at the Regional Agricultural Research Station. Hathazari (Chittagong) during the winter season of 1993-94 and 1994-95. The soil of the experimental field is sandy loam in texture having 0.09% N. 20 ppm P and 40 ppm K. Seeds of two varieties of cowpea (viz. HAF 18 and HAF 40) were planted in rows at variable spacings that formed the treatment variables. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. A blanket rate of 20 kg N. 26 kg P. and 33 kg K ha^-1 in the form of urea, TSP and MP. respectively was applied basally prior to planting seeds. In both the seasons seeds were planted in mid-November. Twelve plants per linear meter were maintained in all row spacings. After the seedling emergence. plants were sampled from each plot for recording nodule and plant dry matter weight at 20 days interval. From closely spaced (20 cm row spacing) plots. every alternate row of cowpea plants was harvested as fodder at 40. 60 and 80 DAE. Pods were harvested at maturity and seed yield recorded. Data on yield components were collected using randomly selected ten plants from each plot Data were subjected statistical analysis.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 1997, 7(1 & 2) 49-51, ISSN 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Higher density reduced the nodule dry weight per plant in both the growing seasons. Harvesting of alternate row as fodder from double population (20 cm row distance) within 40 DAE favored plant growth in both the genotypes. Fodder yield increased significantly with delay in harvest time and the genotypic difference was not significant. Averaged over two years data, higher seed yield increased 4% and 6% in HAF 43 and HAF 18, respectively at closer spacing (20 cm between rows) than normal population (40 cm row spacing) giving additional fodder yield through harvesting of extra cowpea rows at 40 DAE. The maximum net monetary benefit (Tk. 17.940 ha^-1) was obtained from genotype HAF 43 with grain + 40 day fodder harvesting. This was closely followed by HAF 18 at double double population density (20 cm row distance).

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