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Characterization of Forest Soils of Seed Orchard and Adjoining Teak Plantation at Hyanko

S. M. Sirajul Hoque
Professor
Institute of Forestry and Environment Sciences, Chittagong University

A. T. M. Emdad Hossain
Divisional Officer (Retd.)
Soil Science Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Chittagong

A. T. M. Nurul Islam
Research Officer (Retd.)
Soil Science Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute Chittagong

H. B. De
Research Officer (Late)

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

One soil series, Hyanko covering 75% of the land and one soil complex Hyanko-Rangamati with 50% occurrence of the Rangamati series in the remaining portion were recognized from a detailed soil survey of Hyanko Seed Orchard Centre of BFRI and the adjoining 1976 teak plantation and mapped on phase level. The Hyanko series has been classified as Plinthic Paleustults and the Rangamati series as Typic Dystrochrepts. Hyanko series contains iron-manganese nodules to the extent of 15% in the upper 100 cm. Although the soil fertility is low, the planted gamar rametsare growing successfully and do not show much variation in growth except on eroded phase. Similar land can be utilized by introducing nitigen fixing short rotation fuel wood species on eroded phase and economically important timber trees on gently sloping to moderately steep and smooth relief phases even without manuring.

Keywords: Forest soils, Teak plantation, Detailed soil survey, Soil fertility,Land use

Location: Hyanko, Fatikchari, Chittagong

Start Date: 01-07-1982

End Date: 30-06-1985

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

1.To identify, classify and delineate the soils on a map which will ensure better management

2. To help in the evaluation of the site capability for planting different forest species

Methodology:

Detailed soil survey of the area was conducted during February, 1983 using enlarged aerial photographs (1:10,000). Field checking at 75 spots were made using an augar upto a depth of 1.25 m. Interval between two checking spots was 100 m. Differentiating characteristics of soils such as colour, texture, consistency, mottles, etc. were studied for each augar hole. Each checking spot was delineated on the base map. Two soil series namely, Hyanko and Rangamati were identified in the surveyed area. The intensity of erosion hazard, slope class and vegetation were also noted during the survey. Two pits for Rangamati and three pits for Hyanko series were dug. Soil samples were collected from each genetic horizon. The profiles under study did not exhibit well differentiated horizons. Symbols for horizon designation have different connotations by different workers which are misleading. Horizon designation by SRDI is also tentative and was, therefore, avoided. Soil series were named according to the Reconnaissance Soil Survey Reports. Soil reaction (pH), organic carbon, total nitrogen, available calcium and available phosphorus of soil were determined according to Jackson. Soil texture was determined by Bouyoucos hydrometer method.

Source of Information: Bano Biggyan Patrika (a journal of forest science), Vol. 18, No. 1 & 2 January & July 1989

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 2,00,000.00

Total Budget (Tk.) : 2,00,000.00

Achievement/Findings:

The soils are generally medium to strongly acidic (pH 5.3 to 5.8) with only two occasions showing extreme acidity (pH 4.2 to 4.3). The considerable amount of available calcium (3.6-6.4 meq/100 g soil) probably resisted further acidification of the soils. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents are low. The low organic matter contents for the deficiency of total nitrogen, and the intensity of acidity is responsible for such low amount of phosphorus. The C/N ratio of the surface soil varied between 9 to 13 and it generally narrowed downward. The area is mostly covered by sungrass and herbs and shrubs. They protect the soil from erosion but strongly compete for the nutrients and moisture with the planted species. Therefore, measures should be taken to suppress the weeds. At this experimental orchard inter cropping of leguminous crop is suggested to improve soil fertility and safeguard the soil against erosion.

Knowledge Management: Journal