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Influence of Plow Pan on Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Rice and Maize

M. A. MATIN
Department of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

M. S. UDDIN
Department of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Study in the field using rice and maize were conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University farmland during amen, boro rabi season in 1990 and 1991. The rice crops BR11 and pajam were used in the aman season of 1990. During boro and rabi season of 1991, BR2 lice and maize (Barnali) were cultivated in the experimental field. Soil bulk densities did not differ significantly due to tilling treatments. The power tiller treatment produced higher root density in the study. The root density for both crops drastically reduced downward and significantly decreased from the top layer. The initial infiltration rate was the highest in power tiller treatment but latter on the comparative rates were higher in country plough treatment compared to that of the power tiller. There were no statistical differences in the yield of rice grain between power tiller and the country plough treatments. However, straw yields of BR11 and BR2 were significantly higher in the power tiller treatment over country plough. Tilling soil by country plough significantly increased the maize grain yield over power tiller. Fodder yield and ear length did not differ significantly between the tillage treatments.

Keywords: Plough pan, Bulk density. Root density, Infiltration rate, Rice and maize.

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To study the effect of plough pan on root growth,
To observe the changes in the status of bulk density and infiltration rates due to tillage operations and
To study the effect of plough pan no straw, grain, ear length and fodder yield.

Methodology:

Experiments using rice and maize were carried out at the Banqladesh Agricultural University farmland during aman, boro and rabi seasons of 1990 and 1991. The rice crops BR11 and pajam used in the aman season of 1990. During boro and rabi season of 1992, BR2 rice and maize (Barnali) were cultivated in the experimental field. The soiI was silty loam in texture and the particle density ranged from 2.21 to 2.51 gm/cm³. Randomized block design was foIlowed in the experiment with five replications. The unit plot size was 4m X 3m keeping 1 m block to block distance. Two tillage treatments such as (1) conventional tillage (five times Ploughing by country plough) and (2) tillage by power tiller (five times ploughing) were applied in the study. Triple superphosphate and muriate of potash were applied @ 60 and 40 kg/ha as P₂O₅ and K₂O respectively during land preparation. Urea was added @ 80 kg N/ha in three splits such as one-third during land preparation and the rest two-thirds in two equal splits, at maximum tillering and before the panicle initiation stage. Aman and boro rice seedlings were planted on August 8, 1990 and February 19, 1991 respectively. In the rice experiment, row to row and plant to plant distances used were 25 cm and 20 cm respectively. In the maize experiment, plant to plant and line to line distances were maintained at 26 cm and 75 cm respectively. Three maize seeds were sown per point in the line on February 20, 1991 by hand. After germination of seeds only one healthy plant was allowed to grow. Weeding, irrigation and insecticide application were done whenever necessary. Root growth was measured at maximum vegetative stage using auger like sampler of 7 cm diameter. After harvest of the crop, bulk density was determined using core sampler of known volume (Brack, 1975). The sample was collected from each plot at 6 cm interval down to 24 cm depth (0-6 cm, 6-12 cm, 12-18 cm and 18-24 cm). Aman and boro rice were harvested on December 8, 1990 and June 11, 1991 respectively. The maize crop was harvested on June 14. 1991. The grain and straw/fodder yields of rice and maize were recorded after sun drying. The ear Iength of maize was recorded in cm.

Source of Information: Proc. BAU. Res. Prog. 6: 124--132,1992

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Tillage operations by power tiller and country plough did not produce much variation on soil bulk density. Root mass density increased in general and significantly increased incase of pajam rice in power tiller treatment. High root mass density probably helped in increased grain and fodder yields of rice and maize in the plots tilled by power tiller. The initial infiltration rate was the highest in power tilIer treatment but later on the rates were highest in country plough treatment in the aman rice experiment.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings