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Growth and Yield in Two Cassava Morphotypes

A.T.M.T. Islam
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

S. Abdullah
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

M.S.A. Fakir
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Growth of leaf, stem and storage root was investigated in two Cassava Morphotypes viz., Philippine and Nagra in Mymensingh (24⁰75' N and 90⁰50' E) at 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, 240 and 260 days after planting (DAP). Results revealed that estimated leaf area increased up to 220 and 180 DAP in Philippine and Nagra, respectively, followed by a decline in both the Morphotypes. Stem dry weight was highest between 140 and 160 DAP followed by a decline in both the Morphotypes. Maximum storage root growth occurred between 200 and 240 DAP in both the Morphotypes. A positive correlation between storage root yield and total dry matter was observed. The Morphotypes Philippine produced higher fresh storage root yield (7.3 ton/ha) than Nagra (2.4 ton/ha) at 260 DAP. Therefore, the Philippine Morphotype is suitable for Mymensingh region.

Keywords: Manihot esculenta, Growth, Dry mass, Storage root yield

Location: The field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2003

End Date: 00-12-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Cassava

Objectives:

1. To investigate the growth behaviour of shoot and root, and to envisage the relationship between growth and yield in two Cassava morphotypes.

Methodology:

The soil was silty loam and poorly drained. The plots were spaded one day before planting. Well-decomposed cow dung was also applied (1656 kg/ha) during initial land preparation. The entire amount of urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash at the rate of 83, 62 and 62 kg/ha, respectively, was applied at the time of final land preparation. The stem cutting of the two Cassava morphotypes (Philippine and Nagra) were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The size of the unit plot was 3.6 m × 3.6 m and the distance between blocks and plots was 0.9 m and 0.6 m respectively. The plots were raised up to 15 cm from the soil surface. Healthy and uniform sized (about 12 cm long with 6 nodes) cutting stalks (stems) of 12 months old cuttings were collected from Modhupur and planted on March 28, 2003. The stalks were planted at an angle about 30o, placing basal two-thirds of the cutting in the soil. The distance between two stalks was 90 cm and 2 stalks were planted in each hole. There were 16 plants /plot (12.96 m²). The cuttings were watered after planting and continued for several days until their establishment. Other cultural practices were carried out when needed. The first destructive harvest of the complete plants was started 120 days after planting (DAP) and continued at an interval of 20 days till 260 DAP. At each harvest, five plants were randomly selected from each replication. Leaf length and breadth, fresh weight of leaf-lobe, fresh mass of storage root and oven dried (80⁰C ± 2) stem, leaf lobe and storage root was weighed by an electronic balance. Percentage DM partitioning and absolute growth rate (AGR) of plant parts were calculated. The collected data were processed and subjected to analysis of variances. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test . A correlation and regression between storage root yield and other important yield parameters were also carried out.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 1(2):21-24, 2007; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was found that there was a considerable variation among the Cassava morphotypes in the leaf, stem and storage root growth and yield characteristics, and Philippine was better than Nagra in respect of yield. Further increase in yield may be obtained by increasing biomass production.

Knowledge Management: Journal