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Growth and Feed Utilization of Tilapia (oreochromis Niloticus Linn.) Fed with Different Protein Sources with and Without Vitamin

MAHMUD HASAN
Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management AARM, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Four different diets with plant and animal protein sources with and without vitamin were tested in the feeds for tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The efficiency of feeds was assessed by examining the daily weight gain (DWG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate (SR), yield feed utilization efficiencies such as feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER ), and apparent net protein utilization (ANPU). Juvenile tilapia averaging 14.18 ± 0.34 g of initial weight was reared for six weeks in 5 m² cement tanks in static condition fed four different formulated diets each with three replicates. Tilapia did not differ significantly in growth rates ( p > 0.05), however, fish fed different diets showed considerable differences in feed utilization efficiency particularly for ANPU (p < 0.05).

Keywords: Growth, Feed utilization, Oreochromis niloticus

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Tilapia

Objectives:

To evaluate if tilapia needs animal protein, vitamin, animal protein and vitamin, performance of rice bran and SBM as protein source and their digestibility.

Methodology:

Juvenile tilapia averaging 14.18 ± 0.34 g (mean ± SE) were produced and raised at AIT tilapia hatchery. A 2² factorial design was conducted to test the efficiency of SBM as replacement of animal protein source. Closed cement tanks of 5 m² size with static water were used. Each tank was fertilized with urea and TSP containing 46% N and 46% P₂0₅ in TSP@ 3 : 1.5 (N : P) kg/ha/day. The tanks were fertilized every 14 days. Experimental diets: Four different diets were formulated from locally available ingredients in AIT hatchery by pelleting, dried and stored at 4°C containing about 30% protein, 7 - 8% lipid and 47- 48% NFE (nitrogen free energy). Digestibility of the feeds was also determined. The diets were : (1) 20% rice bran, 18% cassava starch, and 60% SBM; (2) 15% rice bran, 23% cassava starch, 10% FM and 50% SMB; (3) 20% rice bran, 16% cassava starch, 2% vitamin and 60% SMB and (4) 15% rice bran, 21% cassava starch, 2% vitamin, 10% FM, and 50% SBM. Corn oil at 2% was common to all the aforesaid four different diets. Each tank was stocked with 25 fish. Fish were sampled fortnightly to determine the ration. The fish fed at 3% of their body weight twice a day over six weeks. The feeds were analyzed in the laboratory to determine the moisture, dry matter, protein, lipid, ash and fiber. Fish body compositions were analyzed to determine the moisture, dry matter, protein, lipid, ash and fiber at the stocking. Fish tissue also analyzed after harvesting to determine the final protein composition to measure the ANPU . Water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were measured everyday at 8.00 using portable DO and pH meter. The average water temperature, DO and pH round the study period were 27.6 ± 0.14°C, 1.99 ± 0.77 mg/l and 8.3 ± 0.2, respectively .The results were reported as the mean ± standard error (SE). A one-way ANOVA, Univariate test and multiple comparisons were performed using SPSS.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 12(2): 105-113, 2003 (July)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded from the present study that, tilapia do not need animal protein and vitamin if the pond is supplemented with natural foods, rice bran and soybean meal can be used as the protein sources of tilapia to grow. Addition of some animal protein and vitamin may help to increase the feed utilization efficiencies .

Knowledge Management: Journal