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Heterosis in Relation to Gene Action in Wheat. Ii. Yield and Primary Yield Traits*

MUHAMMAD ABDUS SHAHID
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

GOLAM KABIR
Department of Botany, Rajshahi College, Rajshahi-6000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Heterosis in relation to gene action was studied in hexaploid wheat through generation mean analysis. In most of the crosses and traits significant negative heterosis was manifested. Only in Ak x FM-139 all the primary yield traits showed significant positive heterosis. In all the crosses, dominant component was more prominent than additive one, and the presence of duplicate gene interaction indicated that dispersion of genes might produce sufficient heterosis for most of the characters. Out of seven croses, Ak x FM-139 showed epistatic control for all traits along with appreciable amount of additive gene effect and significant heterosis. Therefore, it might be possible to fix such heterosis in this cross as it gave best response to selection in the successive segregating generations.

Keywords: Wheat, Yield traits, Heterosis, Gene action, Hexaploid

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To estimate the magnitude of heterosis in relation to gene action for yield and primary yield traits in hexaploid wheat

Methodology:

The materials used in this study were four Bangladeshi wheat varieties, vrz. Aghrani (Ag), Akbar (Ak), Ananda (An) and Kanchan (Kan), and two exotic dwarf lines, FM-32 and FM-139. The seeds of Bangladeshi varieties were collected from Regional Agriculture Research Station, Ishurdi and two exotic lines from the University of New Castle Upon Tyne, England. For the estimation of heterosis and gene action seven single crosses (viz. (1) Ag x FM-32, (2) Ak x FM-32, (3) An x FM-32, (4) Kan x FM-32, (5) Ak x FM-139, (6) An x FM-139 and (7) Kan x FM-139) were made. Their P_I' P₂_, F_I_' F₂, B_I and B₂ populations were grown in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with three replications at the experimentation field of Rajshahi University during the growing season of 1993-94. The data were recorded on number of fertile tillers per plant, number of spike lets per ear, number of grains per ear, 100-grains weight and grain yield from 30 randomly selected plants of each population. Different components of generation means were analyzed following the six parameter model of Hayman (1958) for gene action. Heterosis was computed as increase of FI over better parent formulated by Mather and Jinks (1982).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 31(2): 89-93,2002 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In most of the crosses and traits significant negative heterosis was manifested. Only in Ak x FM-139 all the primary yield traits showed significant positive heterosis. In all the crosses, dominant component was more prominent than additive one, and the presence of duplicate gene interaction indicated that dispersion of genes might produce sufficient heterosis for most of the characters. Out of seven croses, Ak x FM-139 showed epistatic control for all traits along with appreciable amount of additive gene effect and significant heterosis. Therefore, it might be possible to fix such heterosis in this cross as it gave best response to selection in the successive segregating generations.

Knowledge Management: Journal