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Sulphur-iron Interactions in Wheat, Rice and Mungbean

MD. NURUL ISLAM
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-angla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar,Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

SIRAJUL HOQUE
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

AMINUL ISLAM
Daffodil International University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted with wheat (Triticum aesti v um L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.) and mungbean ( Vigna rad iata L.) to study the effects of S x Fe interactions using three rates of S (0, 20 and 40 kg S/ha for wheat and rice and 0, 10 and 20 kg S/ha for mungbean) and Fe (0, 10 and 20 kg Fe/ha for wheat and rice and 0, 5 and 10 kg Fe/ha for mungbean). The concentrations of S in wheat, rice and mungbean plants increased with increasing rates of S. S and Fe interactions were antagonistic to Fe concentration while S concentration was not affected due to S x Fe interactions in wheat plant. The uptakes of both S and Fe by wheat and rice plants were not affected due to S x Fe interactions. The effects of S x Fe interactions were antagonistic to the grain yields of both wheat and rice particularly when S and Fe were applied at higher doses. The grain yield of mungbean was not affected due to S x Fe interactions.

Keywords: Nutrient interaction, Nutrient concentration, Treatment combination, Antagonism, Yield, Rice, Wheat, Mungbean

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To investigate the effects S x Fe interactions on the concentrations and uptake of S and Fe in plants and on the yields of wheat , rice and mungbean crops under field conditions.

Methodology:

Three field experiments were conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka. Composite soil samples, collected from the fields to a depth of 0 - 15 cm, were air dried , ground and passed through 2 mm sieve for physical and chemical analyses. The soils used were clay loam. The sample used for wheat had pH 6.0, organic carbon 0.51%, CEC 9.7 Cmol/kg, available S 21 µg/g and available Fe 75.0 µg/g soil. The soil used for rice had pH 6.2, organic carbon 0.56%, CEC 10 .l Cmol/kg, available S 23 µg/g and available Fe 70.0 µg/g soil. The soil used for mungbean had pH 5.8, organic carbon 0.48%, CEC 8.5 Cmol/kg, available S 11 µg/g and available Fe 49 .0 µg/g soil. The soils of the experimental fields thus fell in the low to medium fertility status. The treatments consisted of three rates of S (O, 20 and 40 kg S/ha for wheat and rice and 0, 10 and 20 kg S/ha for mungbean from Gypsum) and three rates of Fe (0, 10 and 20 kg Fe/ha for wheat and rice and 0, 5 and 10 kg Fe/ha for mungbean from Fe₂0₃). The rates of S and Fe are designed in the text as So, S₁, S₂ and Fe_o, Fe₁. Fe₂ , respectively. A basal dose of nitrogen (100 kg N/ha from urea applied in two splits for wheat and in three splits for rice and 20 kg N/ha all at a time for mungbean), phosphorus (40 kg P₂0₅/ha for each crop from TSP), potassium (60 kg K₂0/ha from muriate of potash for wheat and rice and 40 kg K₂0/ha for mungbean) and zinc (5 kg Zn/ha from ZnO for wheat and rice and 3 kg Zn/ha for mungbean) were applied in every individual plot of 4 m x 3 m for wheat and rice and 4 m x 2.5 m for mungbean. The calculated amounts of sulphur and iron fertilizers and the whole basal amounts of phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizers for each crop were applied at the time of final land preparation. Wheat (Kanchan) in rabi season, rice (BR-3) and mungbean (Kanti) in kharif-1 season in 1999 were grown following their recommended spacing. A total of 27 plots for each crop (9 treatments x 3 replications) were laid out in Randomized Block Design. Plant samples from each individual plot were collected at three growth stages of the crops for chemical analyses. The crops were harvested at their ripening stages and both the grain and straw yields of wheat and rice and only the grain yield of mungbean were recorded. It was not possible to record the straw yield data of mungbean due to the fall of leaves as a result of untimely rainfall just after harvesting the pods. The collected plant samples were oven-dried, processed and digested with HN0₃ : HCl0₄ (2 : 1) mixture. Sulphur and iron contents in the digests and in the soil extracts were determined by turbidimetric method and by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, respectively. The experimental data were statistically analyzed and the means were compared by DMRT.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 12(2): 139-146, 2003 (July)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is evident from the results that different crops respond differently to S x Fe interactions. Cereal crops showed antagonistic effect while the legume crop showed different behaviour. This might be due to the variations in the metabolic activities of the crops.

Knowledge Management: Journal